The gap in the literature this study sought to fill was whether a reduction in parental support or an increase in peer deviance during early adolescence explains the left or ascending side of the age-crime curve. Employing the control and social learning components of interactional theory as a guide and assessing longitudinal data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) followed from a mean age of 11 (Wave 1) to a mean age of 13 (Wave 3), we assessed within-person change in perceived parental support/bonding, perceived peer deviance, and child delinquency using a random intercepts cross-lagged panel design. Results showed that decrements in perceived parental support but not increments in peer deviance between Waves 1 and 2 predicted a rise in delinquency from Wave 2 to Wave 3. Although there were no signs of a peer influence effect, there was evidence of a peer selection effect. As predicted, bidirectional effects failed to surface in this study. These findings support the social control aspects of interactional theory but not the bidirectional aspects and suggest that a criminogenic environment marked by a weakened parental bond may, in part, explain the left side of the age-crime curve.

中文翻译：

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父母支持/联系的减少或同伴偏差的增加是否会导致青春期早期犯罪率上升？调查年龄犯罪曲线的左侧

这项研究试图填补的文献空白是，青春期早期父母支持的减少或同伴越轨现象的增加是否可以解释年龄犯罪曲线的左侧或上升侧。采用互动理论的控制和社会学习部分作为指导，评估 845 名青春期早期青年（406 名男孩，439 名女孩）提供的纵向数据，这些数据从平均年龄 11 岁（第 1 波）到平均年龄 13 岁（第 3 波） ），我们使用随机截距交叉滞后面板设计评估了感知到的父母支持/联系、感知到的同伴偏差和儿童犯罪行为的个人内部变化。结果显示，第一波和第二波之间感知到的父母支持的减少，而不是同伴偏差的增加，预示着从第二波到第三波的犯罪率上升。虽然没有迹象表明同伴影响效应，但有证据表明同伴选择效应。正如预测的那样，双向效应在本研究中未能显现出来。这些发现支持互动理论的社会控制方面，但不支持双向方面，并表明以父母关系减弱为标志的犯罪环境可能部分解释了年龄犯罪曲线的左侧。