Nonfinancial outcomes (NFOs) are goals, objectives, performance indicators, or other results, effects, and consequences not operationalized in terms of direct monetary value. The most salient NFOs for family businesses represent socioemotional considerations that are unique to the family’s decisions and behaviors; yet there are hundreds of different outcomes that can be classified as nonfinancial, with numerous implications for family and nonfamily businesses. With the objective of advancing knowledge of NFOs, we review 267 articles containing 322 NFOs, synthesize our findings by classifying the NFOs into quadrants, discuss how they are utilized in the extant literature, and suggest future research opportunities.

中文翻译：

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家族企业研究的非财务成果：回顾和未来研究议程

非财务成果 (NFO) 是指未以直接货币价值体现的目标、目标、绩效指标或其他结果、影响和后果。家族企业最突出的 NFO 代表了家族决策和行为所特有的社会情感因素；然而，有数百种不同的结果可以归类为非财务结果，对家族企业和非家族企业产生多种影响。为了增进对 NFO 的了解，我们回顾了包含 322 个 NFO 的 267 篇文章，通过将 NFO 分类为象限来综合我们的研究结果，讨论它们如何在现有文献中使用，并提出未来的研究机会。