With the development of quantum technologies, the quantum Internet has demonstrated unique applications beyond the classical Internet and has been investigated extensively in recent years. In the construction of conventional Internet software, the protocol stack is the core architecture for coordinating modules. How to design a protocol stack for the quantum Internet is a challenging problem. In this paper, we systematically review the latest developments in quantum Internet protocols from the perspective of protocol stack layering. By summarizing and analyzing the progress in each layer’s protocols, we reveal the current research status and connections among the layers. Our work provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of the quantum Internet and can help support researchers focusing on a single layer to better define the functions that the layer should possess and optimize related protocols. This approach enables all layers to work better together based on an understanding of the other layers.

中文翻译：

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从分层角度审视量子互联网协议


随着量子技术的发展，量子互联网展现出了超越经典互联网的独特应用，近年来得到了广泛的研究。在传统的互联网软件构建中，协议栈是协调各模块的核心架构。如何设计量子互联网的协议栈是一个具有挑战性的问题。本文从协议栈分层的角度系统回顾了量子互联网协议的最新进展。通过总结和分析各层协议的进展，揭示当前的研究现状和各层之间的联系。我们的工作让读者对量子互联网有一个全面的了解，并可以帮助支持专注于单层的研究人员更好地定义该层应具备的功能并优化相关协议。这种方法使所有层能够基于对其他层的理解更好地协同工作。