<br>二甲双胍及其中间产物脒脲的共生、毒性和生物转化途径：强化生物降解策略的现状和未来前景,Science of the Total Environment

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二甲双胍及其中间产物脒脲的共生、毒性和生物转化途径：强化生物降解策略的现状和未来前景
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171108
Lei Dong ₁ , Shuai Li ₂ , Jie Huang ₁ , Wen-Jun Li ₃ , Mukhtiar Ali ₄

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二甲双胍及其生物转化产物“脒基脲”的蓄积由于在自然减毒条件下生物降解性较低而引起越来越多的关注。因此，本研究综述了二甲双胍在人体内不可避免的作用及其在不同水生态系统中的释放途径。此外，二甲双胍及其生物转化产物脒脲在水生环境中对水生生物造成一定的毒性作用，包括神经毒性、内分泌干扰、ROS产生、水生生物乙酰胆碱酯酶紊乱等。而且，微生物是最先接触和处理这些污染物释放的，因此，研究了二甲双胍和脒脲在有氧和厌氧环境下的生物降解途径的机制。据报道，某些微生物，例如 sp.并且可以携带潜在的酶途径来降解死端产物“脒基脲”，因此脒基脲不再是二甲双胍的死端产物。然而，这些微生物很容易受到某些地球化学循环的影响，因此，我们提出了一些有助于增强二甲双胍及其生物转化产物脒基脲生物降解的策略。为了在不久的将来对新出现的令人关注的污染物二甲双胍和脒脲进行可持续且具有成本效益的修复，必须更好地了解生物降解潜力，以改善这些方法的使用。

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Co-occurrence, toxicity, and biotransformation pathways of metformin and its intermediate product guanylurea: Current state and future prospects for enhanced biodegradation strategy

Accumulation of metformin and its biotransformation product “guanylurea” are posing an increasing concern due to their low biodegradability under natural attenuated conditions. Therefore, in this study, we reviewed the unavoidable function of metformin in human body and the route of its release in different water ecosystems. In addition, metformin and its biotransformation product guanylurea in aquatic environments caused certain toxic effects on aquatic organisms which include neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, production of ROS, and acetylcholinesterase disturbance in aquatic organisms. Moreover, microorganisms are the first to expose and deal with the release of these contaminants, therefore, the mechanisms of biodegradation pathways of metformin and guanylurea under aerobic and anaerobic environments were studied. It has been reported that certain microbes, such as sp. and can carry potential enzymatic pathways to degrade the dead-end product “guanylurea”, and hence guanylurea is no longer the dead-end product of metformin. However, these microbes can easily be affected by certain geochemical cycles, therefore, we proposed certain strategies that can be helpful in the enhanced biodegradation of metformin and its biotransformation product guanylurea. A better understanding of the biodegradation potential is imperative to improve the use of these approaches for the sustainable and cost-effective remediation of the emerging contaminants of concern, metformin and guanylurea in the near future.

更新日期：2024-02-22

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