Building Information Modeling (BIM) has become the key technology for the digital transformation of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), as an open and vendor-neutral data model, play an essential role in this transformation. Despite all the recent advances of BIM, tunneling needs to catch up with other AEC sectors adopting digital technologies. Currently, IFC is mainly used to capture information directly connected to the structural elements of the final tunnel but rarely as a means to document the tunnel excavation and support. This article proposes an IFC-driven process for the execution phase of conventional tunneling projects by extending the usage of IFC to information about the process, labor, equipment, and employed material. The proposed process is evaluated by a case study demonstrating how to represent data from a conventional tunneling project by IFC. The results show that IFC provides the necessary concepts to express the data of the execution phase of conventional tunneling projects. Implementing an IFC-driven process in this phase significantly contributes to the digital transformation of tunneling projects.

中文翻译：

---

传统隧道工程执行阶段的建筑信息模型

建筑信息模型（BIM）已成为建筑、工程和施工（AEC）领域数字化转型的关键技术。行业基础类 (IFC) 作为开放且供应商中立的数据模型，在这一转型中发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管 BIM 最近取得了巨大进步，但隧道工程仍需要赶上其他采用数字技术的 AEC 行业。目前，IFC 主要用于捕获与最终隧道结构元素直接相关的信息，但很少用作记录隧道开挖和支护的手段。本文通过将 IFC 的使用扩展到有关流程、劳动力、设备和所用材料的信息，提出了一种用于传统隧道项目执行阶段的 IFC 驱动流程。所提出的流程通过案例研究进行了评估，该案例研究展示了 IFC 如何表示传统隧道项目的数据。结果表明，IFC 提供了表达常规隧道项目执行阶段数据的必要概念。在此阶段实施 IFC 驱动的流程将极大地促进隧道项目的数字化转型。