Due to evidence that active-fault tunnels can result in structural damage, a three-dimensional numerical model of a shield tunnel spanning a normal fault was developed by employing the Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Second Subsea Tunnel in order to examine the structural response and failure characteristics of the shield tunnel while taking into account the segment width and the bolt form of the circumferential joint (straight bolts, oblique bolts), which are the two main influencing factors. The findings demonstrated that the core of the fault fracture zone and the boundaries between the fault and the competent rock were the main sites for the severe structural deformation of tunnels. It is readily available to ascertain how effectively segment width alters the internal force and deformation by looking at the circumferential joint's mechanical characteristics and deformation. In comparison to straight bolts, oblique bolts significantly altered the stress distributions of segment rings and joint bolts. They additionally possessed a greater tensile strength. The procedures of gray clustering and analytical hierarchy were applied to make a model suggestion for evaluating tunnel deterioration. The oblique bolt is more suitable for anti-fault design, according to the case study. Although the motivation for the research came from the demands of a specific project, the analysis strategy, the design concepts, and many of the findings need further investigation.

中文翻译：

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正常断层错动下盾构隧道环缝破坏分析及优选锚杆形式

鉴于活断层隧道可能导致结构破坏的证据，以青岛胶州湾第二海底隧道为研究对象，建立了跨越正断层盾构隧道的三维数值模型，以研究活断层隧道的结构响应和破坏特征。盾构隧道同时考虑管片宽度和环向接头的螺栓形式（直螺栓、斜螺栓）这两个主要影响因素。研究结果表明，断层破碎带的核心以及断层与岩石的边界是隧道发生严重结构变形的主要场所。通过观察圆周接头的机械特性和变形，可以很容易地确定节段宽度如何有效地改变内力和变形。与直螺栓相比，斜螺栓显着改变了节段环和连接螺栓的应力分布。它们还具有更高的拉伸强度。应用灰色聚类和层次分析法提出了隧道劣化评估的模型建议。根据案例研究，斜螺栓更适合防故障设计。尽管研究的动机来自于特定项目的需求，但分析策略、设计理念以及许多发现还需要进一步研究。