The rise of autonomous driving may sharply reshape ride-sourcing markets by influencing drivers’ income and participation, customers’ choices, ride-sourcing platforms’ operations, and governments’ regulations. We introduce a model that characterizes a ride-sourcing market with a mixed fleet of non-atomic autonomous vehicles (AVs) and atomic human-driven vehicles (HVs). Human drivers decide whether and where to offer ride-sourcing services independently, while AVs are fully controlled and dispatched by the platform to serve on-demand ride requests that are distributed heterogeneously. We solve for the optimal platform operating strategy and examine the implications of different government regulations on the platform’s optimal decisions and the resulting market equilibrium. Although the emergence of AV might undermine human drivers’ welfare, it can simultaneously increase platform profit, customer surplus, and social welfare. Moreover, by looking into the regulatory outcomes of a few prevailing regulations (i.e., price cap, minimum wage, minimum fleet size, and maximum fleet size), we find that the policymakers should determine the regulations according to the conditions of labor supply and the development stage of AV technology.

中文翻译：

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由人类司机和自动驾驶汽车组成的混合车队的乘车采购市场的运营和法规

自动驾驶的兴起可能会影响司机的收入和参与度、客户的选择、网约车平台的运营和政府法规，从而急剧重塑网约车市场。我们引入了一个模型，该模型描述了由非原子自动驾驶车辆（AV）和原子人类驾驶车辆（HV）混合组成的乘车采购市场。人类驾驶员独立决定是否以及在哪里提供乘车采购服务，而自动驾驶汽车则由平台完全控制和调度，以服务异构分布的按需乘车请求。我们求解最优平台运营策略，并研究不同政府法规对平台最优决策和由此产生的市场均衡的影响。尽管自动驾驶汽车的出现可能会损害人类司机的福利，但它可以同时增加平台利润、客户剩余和社会福利。此外，通过考察一些现行法规（即价格上限、最低工资、最低车队规模和最大车队规模）的监管结果，我们发现政策制定者应根据劳动力供给状况和劳动力供给状况来制定法规。 AV技术的发展阶段。