An important operational aspect in the management of tolled highways is how the collected tolls should be allocated over the different highway segments, either operated by different operators or by different units of one operator. This paper analyzes this toll allocation problem both from an axiomatic and a game theoretic perspective. Based on different toll charging systems, specifically the distance-based toll system and the fixed toll system, we propose three allocation or sharing methods: the Segments Equal Sharing method, the Exits Equal Sharing method, and the Entrances Equal Sharing method. After direct and game theoretic characterizations of these methods, we apply them to several real-life highways.

中文翻译：

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高速公路收费分配

收费公路管理中的一个重要操作问题是如何将收取的通行费分配给不同的公路路段，无论是由不同的运营商运营还是由一个运营商的不同单位运营。本文从公理和博弈论的角度分析了这个通行费分配问题。根据不同的收费制度，特别是按距离收费制度和固定收费制度，我们提出了三种分配或共享方法：路段均等共享法、出口均等共享法和入口均等共享法。在对这些方法进行直接和博弈论表征之后，我们将它们应用于几条现实生活中的高速公路。