Polyurethane, a synthetic polymer distinguished by its urethane (carbamate, -NHCOO-) and/or urea (-NHCONH-) linkages, has been applied in various industries since its discovery in 1937 by Bayer and colleagues. The successful use of segmented multiblock thermoplastic polyurethane in 1967 marked the beginning of its development for biomedical applications. Over the past few decades, research on polyurethane biomaterials has evolved from focusing on biostable to biodegradable forms, exploring multifunctionality and application in areas like functional medical devices, tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery systems, etc.

中文翻译：

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用于生物医学应用的聚氨酯结构工程

聚氨酯是一种合成聚合物，以其氨基甲酸酯（氨基甲酸酯，-NHCOO-）和/或脲（-NHCONH-）键而著称，自 1937 年由拜耳及其同事发现以来，已应用于各个行业。 1967年，分段多嵌段热塑性聚氨酯的成功使用标志着其在生物医学应用领域发展的开始。在过去的几十年里，聚氨酯生物材料的研究已经从关注生物稳定性发展到生物可降解形式，探索多功能性及其在功能性医疗器械、组织工程支架、药物输送系统等领域的应用。