Cyclodextrins (CDs) are important starch derivatives and commonly comprise α-, β-, and γ-CDs. Their hydrophilic surface and hydrophobic inner cavity enable regulation of enzyme catalysis through direct or indirect interactions. Clarifying interactions between CDs and enzyme is of great value for enzyme screening, mechanism exploration, regulation of catalysis, and applications. We summarize the interactions between CDs and glycoside hydrolases (GHs) according to two aspects: 1) CD as products, substrates, inhibitors and activators of enzymes, directly affecting the reaction process; 2) CDs indirectly affecting the enzymatic reaction by solubilizing substrates, relieving substrate/product inhibition, increasing recombinant enzyme production and storage stability, isolating and purifying enzymes, and serving as ligands in crystal structure to identify functional amino acid residues. Additionally, CD enzyme mimetics are developed and used as catalysts in traditional artificial enzymes as well as nanozymes, making the application of CDs no longer limited to GHs. This review concerns the regulation of GHs catalysis by CDs, and gives insights into research on interactions between enzymes and ligands.

中文翻译：

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环糊精作为调节糖苷水解酶催化过程的重要分子的研究进展


环糊精 (CD) 是重要的淀粉衍生物，通常包含 α-、β- 和 γ-CD。它们的亲水表面和疏水内腔能够通过直接或间接相互作用调节酶催化。阐明环糊精与酶之间的相互作用对于酶的筛选、机制探索、催化调控和应用具有重要价值。我们从两个方面总结了CD与糖苷水解酶（GH）之间的相互作用：1）CD作为酶的产物、底物、抑制剂和激活剂，直接影响反应过程； 2) CD通过溶解底物、减轻底物/产物抑制、提高重组酶产量和储存稳定性、分离和纯化酶以及作为晶体结构中的配体来鉴定功能性氨基酸残基来间接影响酶促反应。此外，CD酶模拟物的开发和用作传统人工酶以及纳米酶的催化剂，使得CD的应用不再局限于GH。这篇综述涉及 CD 对 GH 催化的调节，并对酶和配体之间相互作用的研究提供了见解。