A high-temperature superconducting (HTS) dynamo flux pump can inject DC currents into closed-loop HTS magnets without contact. It enables the realisation of current-lead-free or even through-wall charging systems for high-field applications such as nuclear magnetic resonance/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnets, fusion reactors and accelerators. Researchers have proposed many simulation models to understand the working principle of HTS dynamos, few of which are in 3D because of converging problems. Therefore, the influences of many key 3D parameters in the HTS dynamo are scarcely reported. The authors propose an efficient 3D modelling method of the HTS dynamo based on the T-A formulation. The rotating magnets are modelled by a ring-shaped permanent magnet with space-time-variant remanent flux density to avoid moving meshes. This, together with the T-A formulation, makes the 3D model efficient and universal. The accuracy of the model is verified by the experimental instantaneous and time-integrated dynamic voltages. Using this model, the authors present systematic case studies to thoroughly explore the influences of the key parameters of a dynamo flux pump on the dynamic voltage and losses. The proposed modelling method and results could significantly benefit the design and optimisation of HTS dynamos for high-field magnets.

中文翻译：

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使用 TA 公式对高温超导发电机通量泵进行 3D 电磁建模

高温超导 (HTS) 发电机磁通泵可以无接触地将直流电流注入闭环 HTS 磁体。它能够实现用于核磁共振/磁共振成像 (MRI) 磁体、聚变反应堆和加速器等高场应用的无电流甚至穿墙充电系统。研究人员提出了许多仿真模型来理解高温超导发电机的工作原理，但由于收敛问题，其中很少有 3D 模型。因此，高温超导发电机中许多关键3D参数的影响很少有报道。作者提出了一种基于 TA 公式的 HTS 发电机的高效 3D 建模方法。旋转磁体由具有时空变化剩余磁通密度的环形永磁体建模，以避免网格移动。这与 TA 公式一起使 3D 模型高效且通用。通过实验瞬时和时间积分动态电压验证了模型的准确性。利用该模型，作者提出了系统的案例研究，以深入探讨发电机磁通泵的关键参数对动态电压和损耗的影响。所提出的建模方法和结果可以显着有利于高磁场磁体的高温超导发电机的设计和优化。