A set of nine derivatives, including five brominated compounds, was synthesized and the structures of these novel compounds were confirmed using 1H and 13C NMR as well as ESI MS spectra. These compounds were tested on four different cancer cell lines, chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), prostate cancer (PC3), colon cancer (SW620), human kidney cancer (Caki 1), and on healthy human keratocytes (HaCaT). MTT results reveal that two newly developed derivatives (6 and 8) exhibit selective action towards K562 cells and no toxic effect in HaCat cells. The biological activity of these two most promising compounds was evaluated by trypan blue assay, reactive oxygen species generation, and IL-6 secretion. To investigate the proapoptotic activity of selected compounds, the two following types of tests were performed: Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I and Caspase-Glo 3/7 assay. The studies of the mechanism showed that both compounds have pro-oxidative effects and increase reactive oxygen species in cancer cells, especially at 12 h incubation. Through the Caspase-Glo 3/7 assay, the proapoptotic properties of both compounds were confirmed. The Annexin V-FITC test revealed that compounds 6 and 8 induce apoptosis in K562 cells. Both compounds inhibit the release of proinflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6) in K562 cells. Additionally, all compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities using standard and clinical strains. Within the studied group, compound 7 showed moderate activity towards Gram-positive strains in antimicrobial studies, with MIC values ranging from 16 to 64 µg/mL.

中文翻译：

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1-(3-甲基-1-苯并呋喃-2-基)乙烷-1-酮新衍生物的合成及生物活性初步研究

合成了一组九种衍生物，包括五种溴化化合物，并使用 1H 和 13C NMR 以及 ESI MS 谱图确认了这些新型化合物的结构。这些化合物在四种不同的癌细胞系、慢性粒细胞白血病 (K562)、前列腺癌 (PC3)、结肠癌 (SW620)、人肾癌 (Caki 1) 和健康人角膜细胞 (HaCaT) 上进行了测试。MTT结果表明，两种新开发的衍生物（6和8）对K562细胞表现出选择性作用，而对HaCat细胞没有毒性作用。通过台盼蓝测定、活性氧生成和 IL-6 分泌来评估这两种最有前途的化合物的生物活性。为了研究所选化合物的促凋亡活性，进行了以下两种类型的测试：Annexin V 细胞凋亡检测试剂盒 I 和 Caspase-Glo 3/7 测定。机制研究表明，这两种化合物都具有促氧化作用，并增加癌细胞中的活性氧，特别是在孵育 12 小时时。通过 Caspase-Glo 3/7 测定，证实了两种化合物的促凋亡特性。Annexin V-FITC 测试显示化合物 6 和 8 诱导 K562 细胞凋亡。两种化合物均抑制 K562 细胞中促炎白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 的释放。此外，所有化合物均使用标准菌株和临床菌株筛选其抗菌活性。在研究组中，化合物 7 在抗菌研究中对革兰氏阳性菌株表现出中等活性，MIC 值范围为 16 至 64 µg/mL。