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Eucalyptol, limonene and pinene enteric capsules attenuate airway inflammation and obstruction in lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic bronchitis rat model via TLR4 signaling inhibition
International Immunopharmacology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111571
Xin-Yu Qiu 1 , Li-Shan Yan 1 , Jian-Ying Kang 1 , Chun Yu Gu 1 , Brian Chi-Yan Cheng 2 , Yi-Wei Wang 1 , Gan Luo 1 , Yi Zhang 1
Affiliation  

Chronic bronchitis (CB), a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), poses a significant global health burden owing to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Eucalyptol, limonene and pinene enteric capsules (ELPs) are clinically used as expectorants to treat various respiratory diseases, including CB, but their acting mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the anti-CB effects of ELP in a rat model of ()-induced CB. The molecular mechanisms underlying its inhibitory effects on airway inflammation were further explored in -stimulated Beas-2B cells. ELP was characterized using gas chromatography. The production of inflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of MUC5AC, MUC5B, and p-p65 in the lung tissue was measured using immunohistochemical staining. The gene expression of inflammatory mediators was determined using qRT-PCR. The expression levels of the target proteins were detected by western blotting. Nuclear localization of p65 was determined using an immunofluorescence assay. Compared to the CB model rats, ELP-treated rats showed reduced airway resistance, inflammation, and goblet cell hyperplasia. In BALF, ELP decreased the levels of inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1α, and CCL5. ELP also suppressed -induced elevation of MUC5AC, MUC5B, and p-p65 in the lung tissue. The metabolic pathway changes caused by challenge were improved by ELP treatment. In -exposed Beas-2B cells, ELP treatment inhibited the expression of , , , , and and decreased the phospho-levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling-related proteins, including p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-TBK1, p-IKKα/β, p-IκB, p-p65, and p-c-Jun. ELP also hindered the nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3. This study showed that ELP has a potential therapeutic effect in LPS-induced CB rat model, possibly by suppressing TLR4 signaling. These results justify the clinical use of ELP for the treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.

中文翻译:


桉树脑、柠檬烯和蒎烯肠溶胶囊通过抑制 TLR4 信号传导减轻脂多糖诱导的慢性支气管炎大鼠模型中的气道炎症和阻塞



慢性支气管炎(CB)是慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的一种,由于其高发病率和死亡率,给全球健康带来了重大负担。桉油精、柠檬烯和蒎烯肠溶胶囊(ELP)在临床上被用作祛痰药,治疗包括CB在内的各种呼吸道疾病,但其作用机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们在 () 诱导的 CB 大鼠模型中研究了 ELP 的抗 CB 作用。在刺激的 Beas-2B 细胞中进一步探讨了其对气道炎症抑制作用的分子机制。使用气相色谱法对 ELP 进行表征。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中炎症介质的产生。使用免疫组织化学染色测量肺组织中MUC5AC、MUC5B和p-p65的表达。使用 qRT-PCR 测定炎症介质的基因表达。通过蛋白质印迹法检测目的蛋白的表达水平。使用免疫荧光测定法确定 p65 的核定位。与CB模型大鼠相比,ELP治疗的大鼠表现出气道阻力、炎症和杯状细胞增生减少。在 BALF 中,ELP 降低了炎症介质的水平,包括 TNF-α、IL-6、MIP-1α 和 CCL5。 ELP还抑制了肺组织中MUC5AC、MUC5B和p-p65诱导的升高。 ELP治疗改善了攻击引起的代谢途径变化。在暴露的 Beas-2B 细胞中,ELP 处理抑制 、 、 、 和 的表达,并降低 Toll 样受体 4 (TLR4) 信号相关蛋白的磷酸化水平,包括 p-p38、p-JNK、p- ERK、p-TBK1、p-IKKα/β、p-IκB、p-p65 和 pc-Jun。 ELP 还阻碍 p65、c-Jun 和 IRF3 的核转位。这项研究表明,ELP 在 LPS 诱导的 CB 大鼠模型中具有潜在的治疗作用,可能是通过抑制 TLR4 信号传导来实现的。这些结果证明了ELP在临床上用于治疗肺部炎症性疾病的合理性。
更新日期:2024-02-02
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