Zinc metal batteries (ZMBs) have received a lot of attention due to their high capacity, proper redox potential and low cost. However, zinc anodes suffer from serious dendritic problems and side reactions, resulting in poor cycling stability of zinc ion batteries. Herein, organic additive trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is introduced into inexpensive ZnSO electrolyte to stabilize Zn anode. TMP exhibits bifunctional properties in this cost-effective electrolyte system. It prefers adsorbing on (002) plane of zinc which leads to preferential crystal growth and uniform zinc deposition. Moreover, TMP can reshape the original hydrogen bond network, regulate the solvation structure and inhibit the parasitic reaction generated by water. As a result, the zinc anode with TMP addition could maintain 2000 h at a current density of 0.5 mA cm which is superior to bare zinc anode. When paired with VO cathode, the full cell also shows excellent cyclic performance. Such a low-cost bifunctional additive would offer a strategy for stabilizing Zn plating/stripping behaviors and suppressing side reactions in mild aqueous electrolyte.

中文翻译：

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用于高度可逆锌阳极的经济型双功能电解液添加剂

锌金属电池（ZMB）由于其高容量、适当的氧化还原电位和低成本而受到广泛关注。然而，锌负极存在严重的枝晶问题和副反应，导致锌离子电池的循环稳定性差。在此，将有机添加剂磷酸三甲酯（TMP）引入到廉价的 ZnSO 电解质中以稳定锌阳极。TMP 在这种经济高效的电解质系统中表现出双功能特性。它更喜欢吸附在锌的（002）面上，从而导致优先晶体生长和均匀的锌沉积。而且，TMP可以重塑原有的氢键网络，调节溶剂化结构，抑制水产生的寄生反应。结果表明，添加TMP的锌阳极在0.5 mA cm的电流密度下可以维持2000 h，优于裸锌阳极。当与VO阴极配对时，全电池还表现出优异的循环性能。这种低成本的双功能添加剂将为稳定镀锌/剥离行为并抑制温和水性电解质中的副反应提供策略。