The heavy fermion physics is dictated by subtle competing exchange interactions, posing a challenge to their understanding. One-dimensional (1D) Kondo lattice model has attracted special attention in theory, because of its exact solvability and expected unusual quantum criticality. However, such experimental material systems are extremely rare. Here, we demonstrate the realization of quasi-1D Kondo lattice behavior in a monolayer van der Waals crystal NbSe₂, that is driven into a stripe phase via Se-deficient line defects. Spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy measurements and first-principles calculations indicate that the stripe-phase NbSe₂ undergoes a novel charge-density wave transition, creating a matrix of local magnetic moments. The Kondo lattice behavior is manifested as a Fano resonance at the Fermi energy that prevails the entire film with a high Kondo temperature. Importantly, coherent Kondo screening occurs only in the direction of the stripes. Upon approaching defects, the Fano resonance exhibits prominent spatial 1D oscillations along the stripe direction, reminiscent of Kondo holes in a quasi-1D Kondo lattice. Our findings provide a platform for exploring anisotropic Kondo lattice behavior in the monolayer limit.

重费米子物理是由微妙的竞争性交换相互作用决定的，这对他们的理解提出了挑战。一维 (1D) 近藤晶格模型因其精确的可解性和预期的异常量子临界性而在理论上引起了特别关注。然而，这样的实验材料系统极为罕见。在这里，我们展示了单层范德华晶体 NbSe ₂中准一维近藤晶格行为的实现，该晶体通过缺硒线缺陷驱动进入条带相。光谱成像扫描隧道显微镜测量和第一原理计算表明，条状 NbSe ₂经历了一种新颖的电荷密度波跃迁，产生了局部磁矩矩阵。近藤晶格行为表现为费米能量下的法诺共振，该共振在高近藤温度的整个薄膜中占主导地位。重要的是，连贯的近藤筛选仅发生在条纹的方向上。当接近缺陷时，法诺共振沿着条纹方向表现出显着的空间一维振荡，让人想起准一维近藤晶格中的近藤空穴。我们的研究结果为探索单层极限下各向异性近藤晶格行为提供了一个平台。