Semi-transparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) possess significant potential for applications in vehicles and buildings due to their distinctive visual transparency. Conventional device engineering strategies are typically used to optimize photon selection and utilization at the expense of power conversion efficiency (PCE); moreover, the fixed spectral utilization range always imposes an unsatisfactory upper limit to its light utilization efficiency (LUE). Herein, a novel solid additive named 1,3-diphenoxybenzene (DB) is employed to dual-regulate donor/acceptor molecular aggregation and crystallinity, which effectively broadens the spectral response of ST-OSCs in near-infrared region. Besides, more visible light is allowed to pass through the devices, which enables ST-OSCs to possess satisfactory photocurrent and high average visible transmittance (AVT) simultaneously. Consequently, the optimal ST-OSC based on PP2+DB/BTP-eC9+DB achieves a superior LUE of 4.77%, representing the highest value within AVT range of 40–50%, which also correlates with the formation of multi-scale phase-separated morphology. Such results indicate that the ST-OSCs can simultaneously meet the requirements for minimum commercial efficiency and plant photosynthesis when integrated with the roofs of agricultural greenhouses. This work emphasizes the significance of additives to tune the spectral response in ST-OSCs, and charts the way for organic photovoltaics in economically sustainable agricultural development.

中文翻译：

---

固体添加剂双重调节光谱响应，实现高性能半透明有机太阳能电池

半透明有机太阳能电池（ST-OSC）由于其独特的视觉透明度，在车辆和建筑物中具有巨大的应用潜力。传统的器件工程策略通常用于优化光子选择和利用，但会牺牲功率转换效率（PCE）；此外，固定的光谱利用范围总是对其光利用效率（LUE）施加一个不令人满意的上限。在此，采用一种名为1,3-二苯氧基苯（DB）的新型固体添加剂来双重调节供体/受体分子聚集和结晶度，有效拓宽了ST-OSC在近红外区域的光谱响应。此外，更多的可见光可以通过器件，这使得ST-OSC能够同时拥有令人满意的光电流和高平均可见光透过率（AVT）。因此，基于 PP2+DB/BTP-eC9+DB 的最优 ST-OSC 实现了 4.77% 的优异 LUE，代表了 40-50% AVT 范围内的最高值，这也与多尺度相的形成相关-分离形态。这些结果表明，当ST-OSC与农业温室屋顶集成时，可以同时满足最低商业效率和植物光合作用的要求。这项工作强调了添加剂在调节 ST-OSC 光谱响应方面的重要性，并为有机光伏在经济可持续农业发展中指明了道路。