Porous carbons (PCs) have been widely investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, during the preparation process, intense pore formation reactions result in an amorphous carbon structure, which limits the rate performance of the electrode material. Herein, coal is chosen as a carbon source and making use of different reaction characteristics of vitrinite and inertinite with a KOH activator, an interconnected porous structure carbon material with an abundant graphite microcrystalline structure is obtained; the organic relationships between the ratio of vitrinite and inertinite, carbonization conditions, material structure and capacity performance were researched. At the ratio of vitrinite to inertinite of 1 : 2, the sample shows a specific surface area of 2507 m² g⁻¹ and its I_D1/I_G is 1.31, which is lower than that of raw coal (1.36). Due to the synergistic effect of the pore structure and graphite microcrystals, PC-900-40 exhibits an improved specific capacitance of 229.40 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 1.0 A g⁻¹, and even at a high current density of 10.0 A g⁻¹ it delivers a specific capacitance of 170.04 F g⁻¹. The PC-900-40//PC-900-40 symmetrical capacitor retains 96% of its initial capacitance after 20 000 cycles.

中文翻译：

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通过调整煤的显微成分比例增强多孔碳的超级电容器性能

多孔碳（PC）作为超级电容器的电极材料已被广泛研究。然而，在制备过程中，强烈的成孔反应导致无定形碳结构，限制了电极材料的倍率性能。本发明选择煤作为碳源，利用镜质体和惰质体与KOH活化剂的不同反应特性，得到具有丰富石墨微晶结构的连通多孔结构碳材料；研究了镜质体与惰性体的比例、碳化条件、材料结构和容量性能之间的有机关系。_{当镜质组与惰性组的比例为1 :} 2时，样品的比表面积为2507 m ² g ^-1，其ID1 / IG为1.31，低于原煤的1.36。由于孔结构和石墨微晶的协同效应，PC-900-40在1.0 A g ^-1的电流密度下，甚至在10.0 A的高电流密度下，表现出229.40 F g ^-1的改进比电容g ^-1其比电容为170.04 F g ^-1。PC-900-40//PC-900-40 对称电容器在 20 000 次循环后仍保留其初始电容的 96%。