With the escalating utilization of intermittent renewable energy sources, demand for durable and powerful energy storage systems has increased to secure stable electricity supply. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have received ever-increasing attention as promising energy storage technologies for grid applications. However, their broad market penetration is still obstructed by many challenges, such as high capital cost and inferior long-term stability. In this work, combining the merits of both all-vanadium and iron-chromium RFB systems, a vanadium-chromium RFB (V/Cr RFB) is designed and fabricated. This proposed system possesses a high theoretical voltage of 1.41 V while achieving cost effectiveness by using cheap chromium as one of the reactive species. Experimentally, the system attains a peak power density of over 900 mW cm⁻² at 50°C and demonstrates stable performance for 50 cycles with an energy efficiency of over 87%, presenting this system as a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage.

随着间歇性可再生能源的利用不断增加，对耐用且强大的储能系统的需求不断增加，以确保稳定的电力供应。氧化还原液流电池（RFB）作为有前途的电网应用储能技术受到越来越多的关注。然而，其广泛的市场渗透仍受到许多挑战的阻碍，例如资本成本高和长期稳定性差。在这项工作中，结合全钒和铁铬RFB系统的优点，设计并制造了钒铬RFB（V/Cr RFB）。该系统具有 1.41 V 的高理论电压，同时通过使用廉价的铬作为活性物质之一实现了成本效益。^{实验上，该系统在50°C下达到了超过900 mW cm -2}的峰值功率密度，并表现出50个循环的稳定性能，能量效率超过87%，表明该系统是大规模储能的有希望的候选者。