The frequent occurrence of natural disasters and operational incidents poses a significant threat to urban rail transit (URT) systems. Therefore, it is crucial to design a resilient URT network that can offer commuters convenient and reliable services. In this study, we construct a URT life-cycle resilience assessment model oriented towards passenger travel service. This proposed methodology is applied to the Beijing rail transit using real-world data. The results indicate that the importance of stations depends not only on topology but also on passenger flow and redundancy alternatives. The loop line exhibits greater resilience and can efficiently evacuate passengers in the event of a disturbance. Additionally, hub transfer stations that connect to suburban areas, while not central in the network's topology, emerge as potential weak points. The findings of this study carry substantial implications for the URT's daily operational management and decision-making processes.