<br>生理生化反应和转录组学分析揭示了磺胺甲噁唑对小球藻 pyrenoidosa 固碳功能的影响和机制,Science of the Total Environment

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生理生化反应和转录组学分析揭示了磺胺甲噁唑对小球藻 pyrenoidosa 固碳功能的影响和机制
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170460
Yuhao Zhou ₁ , Yujiao Yue ₂ , Xinyang Chen ₂ , Feifan Wu ₂ , Wei Li ₂ , Pingping Li ₂ , Jiangang Han ₃

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磺胺甲噁唑（SMX）的发生以低浓度和假性持久性为特征。然而，SMX 的毒性作用和机制，特别是对于低浓度和长期暴露，仍不清楚。本研究在种群、生理生化和转录水平上探讨了 SMX 对小球藻 pyrenoidosa 固碳相关生物过程的影响和机制。结果表明，1–1000 μg/L SMX 在 21 d 内显著抑制了 C. pyrenoidosa 的干重和固碳速率。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的上调，以及丙二醛（MDA）的积累表明 SMX 对 C. pyrenoidosa 构成氧化损伤。SMX 抑制碳酸酐酶（CA）的活性，从而刺激 Rubisco 的活性。主成分分析（PCA）显示 SMX 浓度与 Rubisco 和 CAT 呈正相关，而暴露时间与 CA 呈负相关。转录分析显示，通过调节原卟啉 IX 的转移和叶绿素循环，稳定叶绿素-a 的合成。同时，响应 Rubisco 的 CO2 需求，触发了多种 CO2 补偿机制，包括光呼吸、C4 样 CO2 补偿和嘌呤代谢途径。本研究为综合评估 SMX 的生态风险提供了科学依据。

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Physiological-biochemical responses and transcriptomic analysis reveal the effects and mechanisms of sulfamethoxazole on the carbon fixation function of Chlorella pyrenoidosa

The occurrence of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is characterized by low concentration and pseudo-persistence. However, the toxic effects and mechanisms of SMX, especially for low concentration and long-term exposure, are still not clear. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of SMX on carbon fixation-related biological processes of Chlorella pyrenoidosa at population, physiological-biochemical, and transcriptional levels. Results showed that 1–1000 μg/L SMX significantly inhibited the dry weight and carbon fixation rate of C. pyrenoidosa during 21 d. The upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) demonstrated that SMX posed oxidative damage to C. pyrenoidosa. SMX inhibited the activity of carbonic anhydrase (CA), and consequently stimulated the activity of Rubisco. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that SMX concentration was positively correlated with Rubisco and CAT while exposure time was negatively correlated with CA. Transcriptional analysis showed that the synthesis of chlorophyll-a was stabilized by regulating the diversion of protoporphyrin IX and the chlorophyll cycle. Meanwhile, multiple CO2 compensation mechanisms, including photorespiratory, C4-like CO2 compensation and purine metabolism pathways were triggered in response to the CO2 requirements of Rubisco. This study provides a scientific basis for the comprehensive assessment of the ecological risk of SMX.

更新日期：2024-01-28

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