实现可扩展的近零折射率材料,Advanced Photonics Research

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实现可扩展的近零折射率材料
Advanced Photonics Research ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-08 , DOI: 10.1002/adpr.202200109
Kevin J. Palm _{1,

2} , Tao Gong _{3,

4} , Calum Shelden ₃ , Ece Deniz ₄ , Lisa J. Krayer _{2,

5} , Marina S. Leite ₄ , Jeremy N. Munday ₃

Affiliation

近零折射率（NZI）材料对于光子设计变得越来越重要，因为它们提供了在纳米尺度上控制光与物质相互作用的新方法。许多利用 NZI 层的器件原型是在特定于工具和实验室的条件下创建的，这使得 NZI 材料的广泛利用和可扩展性变得困难。在此，通过使用由可扩展的商业来源生产的透明导电氧化物（TCO）来规避这一限制。对来自 12 个不同供应商的 49 种具有 NZI 行为的不同 TCO 的光学响应进行了量化，包括氧化铟锡 (ITO)、掺铝氧化锌 (AZO) 和掺氟氧化锡 (FTO)。测量结果表明，ITO 样品具有最强的 NZI 共振，许多样品都表现出 |n| < 0.6，共振发生在 1150 至 1350 nm 之间。相反，FTO 和 AZO 薄膜呈现出更高的 | 值。n| （范围从 0.6 到 0.9）在 1500–1900 nm。报告所有薄膜的光学特性、电阻率和粗糙度值，为设备设计创建有用的数据库。最后，展示了新颖的 NZI 现象，例如使用从这些样本收集的数据对非正入射照明的强烈抑制，为研究级和批量生产的 NZI 设备打开了新机会之门。

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Achieving Scalable Near‐Zero‐Index Materials

Near‐zero‐index (NZI) materials are becoming increasingly important for photonic designs because they enable new ways to control light–matter interactions at the nanoscale. Many device prototypes that utilize NZI layers are created under conditions that are tool and laboratory specific, making widespread utilization and scalability of NZI materials difficult. Herein, this limitation is circumvented by using transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) produced from scalable commercial sources. The optical response of 49 distinct TCOs with NZI behavior from 12 different suppliers is quantified, including indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO), and fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO). The measurements reveal that the ITO samples have the strongest NZI resonances with many samples exhibiting |n| < 0.6 with resonances occurring between 1150 and 1350 nm. Conversely, the FTO and AZO films present higher values of |n| (ranging from 0.6 to 0.9) at 1500–1900 nm. The optical properties, resistivities, and roughness values for all thin films are reported, creating a useful database for device design. Finally, novel NZI phenomena, such as the strong suppression of non‐normal incidence illumination using the data collected from these samples, are demonstrated, opening the door to new opportunities for both research‐grade and mass‐produced NZI devices.

更新日期：2022-06-08

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