Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) arises in the oral epithelium, a tissue in which immune surveillance is mediated by its primary resident leukocytes, Langerhans cells (LCs), and γδT cells. Under steady-state conditions, LCs and γδT cells play a critical role in maintaining oral mucosal homeostasis. As antigen-presenting cells of stratified epithelia, LCs respond to various challenges faced by the epithelium, orchestrating innate, and adaptive immune responses in order to resolve them. γδT cells also sense diverse epithelial insults and react rapidly through cytokine production and cytolytic activity. These epithelial sentinels are also considered to be the first leukocytes in the oral epithelium to encounter early carcinogenic events that have the potential of becoming OSCC. As evident in many malignancies, leukocyte populations help prevent cancer development although they also promote tumor progression. OSCC is no exception, as studies have reported both anti- and pro-tumor roles of LCs and γδT cells. In this review, we summarize the ontogeny of LCs and γδT cells in the oral epithelium and discuss their role in OSCC.

中文翻译：

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上皮前哨细胞、朗格汉斯细胞和γδT细胞在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的作用


口腔鳞状细胞癌 (OSCC) 起源于口腔上皮，口腔上皮是一种由其原代驻留白细胞、朗格汉斯细胞 (LC) 和 γδT 细胞介导免疫监视的组织。在稳态条件下，LC和γδT细胞在维持口腔粘膜稳态中发挥着关键作用。作为复层上皮的抗原呈递细胞，LC 对上皮面临的各种挑战作出反应，协调先天性和适应性免疫反应以解决这些挑战。 γδT 细胞还感知多种上皮损伤，并通过细胞因子产生和细胞溶解活性快速反应。这些上皮哨兵也被认为是口腔上皮中第一个遇到有可能成为 OSCC 的早期致癌事件的白细胞。正如在许多恶性肿瘤中显而易见的那样，白细胞群有助于预防癌症的发展，尽管它们也会促进肿瘤的进展。 OSCC 也不例外，研究报告了 LC 和 γδT 细胞的抗肿瘤和促肿瘤作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了口腔上皮中 LC 和 γδT 细胞的个体发育，并讨论了它们在 OSCC 中的作用。