<br>线粒体稳态调节线粒体数量和形态是海洋硬骨鱼骨骼肌纤维类型的显着特征,International Journal of Molecular Sciences

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线粒体稳态调节线粒体数量和形态是海洋硬骨鱼骨骼肌纤维类型的显着特征
International Journal of Molecular Sciences ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 , DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031512
Busu Li _{1,

2} , Huan Wang ₁ , Xianghui Zeng ₁ , Shufang Liu _{1,

2} , Zhimeng Zhuang ₁

Affiliation

鱼类的骨骼肌对于游泳至关重要，根据生理和代谢特性分为慢肌（SM）和快肌（FM）。因此，线粒体特征（数量和形态）适应每种纤维类型的特定功能需求。然而，控制线粒体适应硬骨鱼中每种纤维类型的特定生物能量需求的机制仍不清楚。为了解决这一知识差距，我们以红鳍东方鲀为代表模型，研究了硬骨鱼中 SM 和 FM 之间的线粒体差异和线粒体稳态状态（包括生物发生、自噬、裂变和融合）。我们的研究结果表明，与 FM 相比，SM 线粒体数量更多、更大。为了适应线粒体数量和大小的增加，SM 表现出更高的线粒体生物发生和动力学（裂变/融合），但线粒体自噬没有表现出差异。我们的研究提供了对塑造硬骨鱼肌肉线粒体特征的适应性机制的见解。 SM 中线粒体的丰度和伸长是通过提高线粒体生物发生、融合和裂变来维持的，这表明硬骨鱼中广泛依赖 OXPHOS 的 SM 的生物能需求是通过适应性反应来满足的。我们的研究结果增强了我们对硬骨鱼不同肌肉类型线粒体适应的理解，并揭示了鱼类生物能量学的进化策略。

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Mitochondrial Homeostasis Regulating Mitochondrial Number and Morphology Is a Distinguishing Feature of Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types in Marine Teleosts

Fishes’ skeletal muscles are crucial for swimming and are differentiated into slow-twitch muscles (SM) and fast-twitch muscles (FM) based on physiological and metabolic properties. Consequently, mitochondrial characteristics (number and morphology) adapt to each fiber type’s specific functional needs. However, the mechanisms governing mitochondrial adaptation to the specific bioenergetic requirements of each fiber type in teleosts remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the mitochondrial differences and mitochondrial homeostasis status (including biogenesis, autophagy, fission, and fusion) between SM and FM in teleosts using Takifugu rubripes as a representative model. Our findings reveal that SM mitochondria are more numerous and larger compared to FM. To adapt to the increased mitochondrial number and size, SM exhibit elevated mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics (fission/fusion), yet show no differences in mitochondrial autophagy. Our study provides insights into the adaptive mechanisms shaping mitochondrial characteristics in teleost muscles. The abundance and elongation of mitochondria in SM are maintained through elevated mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, and fission, suggesting an adaptive response to fulfill the bioenergetic demands of SM that rely extensively on OXPHOS in teleosts. Our findings enhance our understanding of mitochondrial adaptations in diverse muscle types among teleosts and shed light on the evolutionary strategies of bioenergetics in fishes.

更新日期：2024-01-27

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