蓝碳生态系统 (BCE) 对于减缓全球气候变化至关重要,并提供多样化的当地生态系统协同效益。尽管现有的文献关于在地方层面整合国家和国际 BCE 议程,但本地化 BCE 战略的制定和实施往往滞后。为了提供对这一知识差距的见解,我们提出了一个在菲律宾东萨马岛进行的案例研究。采用多框架分析——包括 DPSIR(驱动因素、压力、状态、影响、响应)、SOAR(优势、机会、愿望、结果)和 PESTLE(政治、经济、社会、技术、法律、环境)框架,从焦点小组讨论中收集的利益相关者看法突出了制定和实施 BCE 战略的问题和挑战。研究结果表明,2013 年台风海燕对研究地点的影响刺激了保护工作并提高了人们的认识,但治理结构和政策执行会影响管理和保护工作的成功和持久性。通过整合多个框架,本研究概述了一个潜在的本地化 BCE 战略,强调利益相关者参与和替代生计等内部优先事项以及与政策和技术支持相关的外部优先事项。虽然根据菲律宾的具体案例研究制定,但所提出的策略以一般方式呈现,使其有可能在菲律宾的其他省份或具有类似地理环境的国家复制。
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A multi-framework analysis of stakeholders’ perceptions in developing a localized blue carbon ecosystems strategy in Eastern Samar, Philippines
Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs) are vital for global climate change mitigation and offer diverse local ecosystem co-benefits. Despite existing literatures on integrating national and international BCE agendas at the local level, the development and implementation of localized BCE strategies often lag behind. To provide insights on this knowledge gap, we present a case study conducted in Eastern Samar, Philippines. Employing a multi-framework analysis- encompassing DPSIR (drivers, pressures, state, impact, responses), SOAR (strengths, opportunities, aspirations, results), and PESTLE (political, economic, social, technological, legal, environmental) frameworks, stakeholder perceptions collected from focus group discussions highlight issues and challenges in developing and implementing a BCE strategy. Findings reveal that the aftermath of Typhoon Haiyan in 2013 in the study sites stimulated conservation efforts and raised awareness, but governance structures and policy enforcement influence the success and longevity of management and conservation efforts. Through the integration of multiple frameworks, this study outlined a potential localized BCE strategy, emphasizing both internal priorities such as stakeholder engagement and alternative livelihoods and external priorities related to policy and technological supports. While developed based on a specific case study in the Philippines, the proposed strategy is presented in a general manner, enabling its potential replication in other provinces in the Philippines or in countries with similar geographic settings.