Miniaturized spectrometers have great potential for use in portable optoelectronics and wearable sensors. However, current strategies for miniaturization rely on von Neumann architectures, which separate the spectral sensing, storage, and processing modules spatially, resulting in high energy consumption and limited processing speeds due to the storage-wall problem. Here, we present a miniaturized spectrometer that utilizes a single SnS₂/ReSe₂ van der Waals heterostructure, providing photodetection, spectrum reconstruction, spectral imaging, long-term image memory, and signal processing capabilities. Interface trap states are found to induce a gate-tunable and wavelength-dependent photogating effect and a non-volatile optoelectronic memory effect. Our approach achieves a footprint of 19 μm, a bandwidth from 400 to 800 nm, a spectral resolution of 5 nm, and a > 10⁴s long-term image memory. Our single-detector computational spectrometer represents a path beyond von Neumann architectures.

小型化光谱仪在便携式光电子和可穿戴传感器方面具有巨大潜力。然而，目前的小型化策略依赖于冯·诺依曼架构，该架构在空间上将光谱传感、存储和处理模块分开，由于存储壁问题，导致高能耗和有限的处理速度。在这里，我们介绍了一种微型光谱仪，它利用单个 SnS₂/ReSe₂ 范德华异质结构，提供光探测、光谱重建、光谱成像、长期图像记忆和信号处理能力。发现界面陷阱态可诱导门可调谐和波长依赖性光门效应和非易失性光电记忆效应。我们的方法实现了 19 μm 的足迹、400 至 800 nm 的带宽、5 nm 的光谱分辨率和 > 10⁴ s 的长期图像记忆。我们的单探测器计算光谱仪代表了一条超越冯·诺依曼架构的道路。