The simple separation of magnetic nanocatalysts from the reaction mixture using only an external magnet caused a huge revolution in catalysis, particularly in organic synthesis. Diaryl ethers (compounds containing (Ar-O-Ar linkages) are one of the most important and prominent compounds and are widely found in natural products and pharmaceutical and biological molecules. The C-O cross-coupling or O-arylation reactions of aryl halides with aromatic alcohols, especially phenols, is an important and straightforward strategy for the preparation of diaryl ethers. Due to the high importance of diaryl ethers in the pharmaceutical, chemical and medical fields, many efforts have been made for the synthesis of diaryl ethers through C-O cross-coupling aryl halides with aromatic alcohols, especially phenols based on using non-magnetic reusable catalysts. In this review, we carefully reviewed the synthesis of diaryl ethers and discussed the reaction conditions and product yields in each method.

中文翻译：

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关于 C-O 键形成的有吸引力的全面综述：通过 C-O 交叉偶联反应获得二芳基醚的纳米磁性可回收催化剂


仅使用外部磁体即可将磁性纳米催化剂与反应混合物简单分离，这在催化领域引起了一场巨大的革命，尤其是在有机合成领域。二芳基醚（含有 （Ar-O-Ar 键） 的化合物是最重要和最突出的化合物之一，广泛存在于天然产物以及药物和生物分子中。芳基卤化物与芳香醇（尤其是酚类）的 C-O 交叉偶联或 O-芳基化反应是制备二芳基醚的一种重要而直接的策略。由于二芳醚在制药、化工和医学领域具有高度重要性，因此通过使用非磁性可重复使用催化剂，通过C-O交叉偶联芳基卤化物芳烃合成二芳醚，特别是酚类，人们做出了许多努力。在这篇综述中，我们仔细回顾了二芳醚的合成，并讨论了每种方法的反应条件和产物产率。