Effects of dietary supplementation of fish oil plus vitamin D3 on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, and their correlation with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk factors: a randomized controlled trial,Food & Function

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Effects of dietary supplementation of fish oil plus vitamin D3 on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, and their correlation with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk factors: a randomized controlled trial
Food & Function ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 , DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02319b
Xueqi Li _{1,

2,

3} , Chi Pan _{1,

2} , Wenjun Ma _{1,

2} , Ting Yang _{1,

2} , Chong Wang _{1,

2} , Weiwei Han _{1,

2} , Wei Zhang ₄ , Hui Li ₄ , Zhongxia Li ₅ , Ting Zhao ₄ , Xiao-Fei Guo _{1,

2} , Duo Li _{1,

2}

Affiliation

We previously reported that fish oil plus vitamin D₃ (FO + D) could ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is unclear whether the beneficial effects of FO + D on NAFLD are associated with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of FO + D on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites and their correlation with NAFLD risk factors. Methods: A total of 61 subjects were randomly divided into three groups: FO + D group (2.34 g day⁻¹ of eicosatetraenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + 1680 IU vitamin D₃), FO group (2.34 g day⁻¹ of EPA + DHA), and corn oil (CO) group (1.70 g d⁻¹ linoleic acid). Blood and fecal samples were collected at the baseline and day 90. Gut microbiota were analyzed through 16S rRNA PCR analysis, and fecal co-metabolites were determined via untargeted ultraperformance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Results: The relative abundance of Eubacterium (p = 0.03) and Lactobacillus (p = 0.05) increased, whereas that of Streptococcus (p = 0.02) and Dialister (p = 0.04) decreased in the FO + D group compared with the CO group. Besides, changes in tetracosahexaenoic acid (THA, C24:6 n-3) (p = 0.03) levels were significantly enhanced, whereas 8,9-DiHETrE levels (p < 0.05) were reduced in the FO + D group compared with the CO group. The changes in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ levels in the fecal samples were inversely associated with insulin resistance, which was determined using the homeostatic model assessment model (HOMA-IR, r = −0.29, p = 0.02), and changes in 8,9-DiHETrE levels were positively associated with adiponectin levels (r = −0.43, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present results indicate that the beneficial effects of FO + D on NAFLD may be partially attributed to the impact on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites.

中文翻译：

膳食补充鱼油加维生素 D3 对肠道微生物群和粪便代谢物的影响及其与非酒精性脂肪肝危险因素的相关性：一项随机对照试验

我们之前报道过鱼油加维生素 D ₃ (FO + D) 可以改善非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD)。然而，尚不清楚 FO + D 对 NAFLD 的有益作用是否与肠道微生物群和粪便代谢物有关。在这项研究中，我们研究了膳食补充 FO + D 对肠道微生物群和粪便代谢物的影响及其与 NAFLD 危险因素的相关性。方法：总共61名受试者被随机分为三组：FO + D组（2.34 g·day ^-1二十碳四烯酸（EPA）+二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）+ 1680 IU维生素D ₃ ），FO组（2.34 g·day ^-1 EPA + DHA）和玉米油（CO）组（1.70 gd ^-1亚油酸）。在基线和第 90 天收集血液和粪便样本。通过 16S rRNA PCR 分析对肠道微生物群进行分析，并通过非靶向超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱 (UPLC-Q-TOF) 测定粪便共代谢物。 -多发性硬化症）。结果：与 CO 组相比，FO + D 组中真杆菌( p = 0.03) 和乳杆菌( p = 0.05) 的相对丰度增加，而链球菌( p = 0.02) 和Dialister ( p = 0.04) 的相对丰度下降。此外，二十四碳六烯酸 (THA, C24:6 n-3) ( p = 0.03) 水平的变化显着增强，而 8,9-DiHETrE 水平 ( p < 0.05) 与 CO 组相比，FO + D 组减少。粪便样本中 1,25-二羟基维生素 D ₃水平的变化与胰岛素抵抗呈负相关，这是使用稳态模型评估模型（HOMA-IR， r = -0.29， p = 0.02）确定的，并且 8 的变化,9-DiHETrE 水平与脂联素水平呈正相关 ( r = -0.43, p < 0.05)。结论：目前的结果表明，FO + D 对 NAFLD 的有益作用可能部分归因于对肠道微生物群和粪便代谢物的影响。

更新日期：2024-01-25

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