The study was aimed at genetic characterization of Nigerian breeds of Muturu, N’Dama, and White Fulani cattle breeds at heat shock protein 90AB1 locus. Also, the goal of the study was to detect the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at HSP90AB1 locus and consequently recommend them as bio-markers for thermo-tolerance potentials in Nigerian cattle breeds when exposed to assaults of thermal conditions/heat shock of tropical environment. Based on the previously published potentials of this candidate gene to lower assaults of thermal conditions/heat shock such as heat stress, the detected SNPs of HSP90AB1 within the population of the Nigerian cattle in this study will be recommended for population-based screening with a view to genetically improving those zebu cattle breeds that are more vulnerable to heat shock and assaults of thermal conditions. Total number of 200 blood samples were randomly collected from White Fulani (84 samples), Muturu (73 samples), and N’Dama (43 samples) breeds of cattle. Out of these, 20 DNA samples were randomly selected from each of the three cattle breeds and were used for DNA extraction and downstream analyses to further confirm findings of previous study, hence the goal of our study. DNA was extracted from the blood samples using the Zymo-bead DNA extraction kit and DNA sequencing of our samples was performed. A total number of 9 SNPs (within exons 5–6 coding regions) and 11 SNPs (within exons 12–13 coding regions) were detected at HSP90AB1 locus using the codon code aligner software. ARLEQUIN 2.0001 software was used to estimate the basic population genetic statistics while the DnaSP version 5.10.01 was used to estimate the genetic diversity indices. This study detected new SNPs (polymorphic sites) at HSP90AB1 locus within the DNAs of Nigerian White Fulani (WF), Muturu (MU), and N’Dama (ND) breeds of cattle. Within exons 5–6 coding regions, the N’Dama (ND) cattle breed had the highest for number of SNPs (5) and genetic diversity indices while White Fulani (WF) and Muturu (MU) had the least (2) number of SNPs each. Within exons 12–13 coding regions, WF had the highest numbers of SNPs (7) and genetic diversity indices while MU had the least number of SNPs (1) and genetic diversity indices. Some of the detected SNPs at HSP90AB1 locus were shared among the three breeds, suggesting that these three Nigerian cattle breeds showed shared ancestral alleles and lineage. Our study further revealed that HSP90AB1 is highly polymorphic/variable and diverse among the three Nigerian cattle breeds examined. Based on the previously documented thermo-tolerance potentials of members of HSP90 sub-family including the findings of our study, we hypothesize therefore that the presence of SNPs of HSP90AB1 within the DNAs of these three breeds of Nigerian cattle (WF, ND, and MU) may confer them thermo-tolerance potentials for thermal assault conditions and heat shock of the tropics at HSP90AB1 locus. Therefore, the detected SNPs can be recommended as bio-markers to improve the thermo-tolerance potentials of Nigerian breeds of zebu cattle raised under the challenges of heat shock for better adaptation and survival.

该研究旨在对尼日利亚 Muturu、N'Dama 和 White Fulani 牛品种的热休克蛋白 90AB1 位点进行遗传表征。此外，该研究的目标是检测HSP90AB1基因座上单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 的存在，从而推荐它们作为尼日利亚牛品种在暴露于热条件/热休克攻击时的耐热潜力的生物标记。热带环境。根据先前发表的该候选基因降低热应激等热条件/热休克攻击的潜力，本研究中在尼日利亚牛群体中检测到的HSP90AB1 SNP 将被建议进行基于群体的筛查，以期对那些更容易受到热休克和热条件攻击的瘤牛品种进行基因改良。总共 200 份血液样本是从 White Fulani（84 个样本）、Muturu（73 个样本）和 N'Dama（43 个样本）牛品种中随机采集的。其中，从三个牛品种中各随机抽取 20 个 DNA 样本，用于 DNA 提取和下游分析，以进一步证实先前研究的结果，这也是我们研究的目标。使用 Zymo-bead DNA 提取试剂盒从血液样本中提取 DNA，并对样本进行 DNA 测序。使用密码子代码对齐软件在HSP90AB1基因座上检测到总共 9 个 SNP（外显子 5-6 编码区域内）和 11 个 SNP（外显子 12-13 编码区域内）。 ARLEQUIN 2.0001软件用于估计基本群体遗传统计数据，而DnaSP版本5.10.01用于估计遗传多样性指数。 这项研究在尼日利亚白富拉尼 (WF)、穆图鲁 (MU) 和恩达马 (ND) 牛的 DNA 内的HSP90AB1位点检测到新的 SNP（多态性位点）。在外显子 5-6 编码区内，N'Dama (ND) 牛品种的 SNP 数量 (5) 和遗传多样性指数最高，而 White Fulani (WF) 和 Muturu (MU) 的 SNP 数量最少 (2)每个 SNP。在外显子 12-13 编码区内，WF 的 SNP 数量（7）和遗传多样性指数最高，而 MU 的 SNP 数量（1）和遗传多样性指数最少。 HSP90AB1基因座上检测到的一些 SNP 在这三个品种中是共享的，表明这三个尼日利亚牛品种显示出共享的祖先等位基因和谱系。我们的研究进一步表明， HSP90AB1在所检查的三个尼日利亚牛品种中具有高度多态性/变异性和多样性。根据之前记录的HSP90亚家族成员的耐热潜力，包括我们的研究结果，我们推测这三个尼日利亚牛品种（WF、ND 和 MU）的 DNA 中存在HSP90AB1 SNP ）可能赋予它们HSP90AB1基因座对热带热攻击条件和热冲击的耐热潜力。因此，检测到的SNP可以推荐作为生物标志物，以提高在热休克挑战下饲养的尼日利亚瘤牛品种的耐热潜力，以更好地适应和生存。