<br>纳米结构金属材料的相工程：分类、结构和应用,Chemical Reviews

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纳米结构金属材料的相工程：分类、结构和应用
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00514
Jialun Gu _{1,

2} , Fenghui Duan _{1,

2} , Sida Liu _{1,

2,

3} , Wenhao Cha ₄ , Jian Lu _{1,

2,

5,

6,

7}

Affiliation

金属材料通常由单相或多相组成，这是指具有不同类型原子排列的均匀区域。最近对纳米结构金属材料的研究提供了多种有前途的方法来设计纳米级的相。定制相尺寸、相分布以及通过相变引入新结构有助于精确修改纳米结构金属材料的变形行为和电子结构。因此，纳米结构金属材料的相工程有望为开发具有先进机械和功能特性的材料铺平一条创新之路。在这篇综述中，我们全面概述了异质纳米相的工程以及对纳米结构金属材料（包括超纳米双相材料、纳米沉淀和纳米孪晶强化材料）纳米相形成的基本理解。我们首先回顾了超纳米双相结构形成的热力学和动力学原理，然后讨论了结构金属材料的变形机制以及电催化电子结构的优化。然后，我们展示了具有致密纳米沉淀或纳米孪晶结构特征的金属材料的起源、分类以及机械和功能特性。最后，我们总结了该领域的一些潜在研究挑战，并简要介绍了相工程对下一代先进金属材料设计的科学意义。

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Phase Engineering of Nanostructural Metallic Materials: Classification, Structures, and Applications

Metallic materials are usually composed of single phase or multiple phases, which refers to homogeneous regions with distinct types of the atom arrangement. The recent studies on nanostructured metallic materials provide a variety of promising approaches to engineer the phases at the nanoscale. Tailoring phase size, phase distribution, and introducing new structures via phase transformation contribute to the precise modification in deformation behaviors and electronic structures of nanostructural metallic materials. Therefore, phase engineering of nanostructured metallic materials is expected to pave an innovative way to develop materials with advanced mechanical and functional properties. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the engineering of heterogeneous nanophases and the fundamental understanding of nanophase formation for nanostructured metallic materials, including supra-nano-dual-phase materials, nanoprecipitation- and nanotwin-strengthened materials. We first review the thermodynamics and kinetics principles for the formation of the supra-nano-dual-phase structure, followed by a discussion on the deformation mechanism for structural metallic materials as well as the optimization in the electronic structure for electrocatalysis. Then, we demonstrate the origin, classification, and mechanical and functional properties of the metallic materials with the structural characteristics of dense nanoprecipitations or nanotwins. Finally, we summarize some potential research challenges in this field and provide a short perspective on the scientific implications of phase engineering for the design of next-generation advanced metallic materials.

更新日期：2024-01-23

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