Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose oxidase (DprE1) is a promising target for treating tuberculosis (TB). Currently, most novel DprE1 inhibitors are discovered through high-throughput screening, while computer-aided drug design (CADD) strategies are expected to promote the discovery process. In this study, with the aid of structure-based virtual screening and computationally guided design, a series of novel scaffold N-(1-(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine)-pyrazole) acetamide derivatives with significant antimycobacterial activities were identified. Among them, compounds LK-60 and LK-75 are capable of effectively suppressing the proliferation of Mtb with MIC_Mtb values of 0.78–1.56 μM, comparable with isoniazid and much superior to the phase II candidate TBA-7371 (MIC_Mtb = 12.5 μM). LK-60 is also the most active DprE1 inhibitor derived from CADD so far. Further studies confirmed their high affinity to DprE1, good safety profiles to gut microbiota and human cells, and synergy effects with either rifampicin or ethambutol, indicating their broad potential for clinical applications.

中文翻译：

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发现 N-(1-(6-Oxo-1,6-二氢嘧啶)-吡唑)乙酰胺衍生物作为新型非共价 DprE1 结核分枝杆菌抑制剂

十异戊二烯基磷酰基-β- d-核糖氧化酶 (DprE1) 是治疗结核病 (TB) 的一个有前景的靶点。目前，大多数新型DprE1抑制剂都是通过高通量筛选发现的，而计算机辅助药物设计（CADD）策略有望促进发现过程。本研究借助基于结构的虚拟筛选和计算引导设计，鉴定出一系列具有显着抗分枝杆菌活性的新型支架N- (1-(6-氧代-1,6-二氢嘧啶)-吡唑)乙酰胺衍生物。其中，化合物LK-60和LK-75能够有效抑制Mtb的增殖， MIC _Mtb值为0.78-1.56 μM，与异烟肼相当，远优于II期候选TBA-7371（MIC _Mtb = 12.5 μM） ）。LK-60也是迄今为止最活跃的源自CADD的DprE1抑制剂。进一步的研究证实它们与 DprE1 具有高亲和力，对肠道微生物群和人类细胞具有良好的安全性，以及与利福平或乙胺丁醇的协同作用，表明它们具有广泛的临床应用潜力。