SiO/C is currently considered the most favorable anode material for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, its potential applications are constrained because of its inherent capacity decay and thermal safety concerns engendered by its volumetric expansion during extended cycling periods. The present study investigated the effectiveness of 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one (DFEC) as a film-forming additive to augment the safety and electrochemical efficacy of LIBs. A blank electrolyte (BE) was used as a control. Electrochemical test and characterization results revealed that the capacity retention rate of a battery containing the DFEC additive improved significantly; specifically, it increased from 45.23% (for a battery with the BE) to 73.14%. DFEC also increased the quantity of LiF components on the anode surface, resulting in the formation of a robust and stable solid electrolyte interphase film, which enhanced the battery’s cycling stability. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermokinetic analysis revealed that DFEC inhibited exothermic reactions between the electrolyte and the lithiated anode. Notably, the initial reaction temperature for the electrolyte slowly transitioned from 232.17 to 238.67 °C. The apparent activation energy increased from 439.56 to 506.995 kJ/mol. This study presents a practical approach for the development of safe, high-energy-density batteries by incorporating DFEC as a film-forming additive.

SiO/C目前被认为是高能量密度锂离子电池（LIB）最有利的负极材料。然而，由于其固有的容量衰减和长时间循环期间体积膨胀引起的热安全问题，其潜在应用受到限制。本研究调查了 4,5-二氟-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮 (DFEC) 作为成膜添加剂的有效性，以增强 LIB 的安全性和电化学功效。使用空白电解质（BE）作为对照。电化学测试和表征结果表明，含有DFEC添加剂的电池容量保持率显着提高；具体来说，它从 45.23%（对于具有 BE 的电池）增加到 73.14%。DFEC还增加了阳极表面LiF组分的数量，从而形成坚固稳定的固体电解质中间膜，从而增强了电池的循环稳定性。差示扫描量热法、热重分析和热动力学分析表明，DFEC 抑制电解质和锂化阳极之间的放热反应。值得注意的是，电解质的初始反应温度从 232.17 °C 缓慢转变至 238.67 °C。表观活化能从 439.56 kJ/mol 增加到 506.995 kJ/mol。这项研究提出了一种通过将 DFEC 作为成膜添加剂来开发安全、高能量密度电池的实用方法。