The crucial role and fragility of global supply chains highlight the need for deeper insights into the factors that can promote the establishment of global supply chain relations. We examine the impact of financial statement comparability on firms’ establishment of global supply chain relations. Using a large sample of supply chain relations from 49 non-U.S. economies over the period 2003–2020, we find that non-U.S. firms are more likely to establish and maintain more supply chain relations with U.S. firms when their financial statements are more comparable to industry peers in the U.S. To address endogeneity concerns, we show that our findings are robust to identification strategies exploring the exogenous changes in financial statement comparability associated with IFRS adoption or PCAOB international inspections. Moreover, we find that the effect of financial statement comparability on cross-border supply chain relations is more pronounced when the information barrier is higher between non-U.S. economies and the U.S. Overall, our study provides new insights into the impact of financial statement comparability on firms’ establishment of cross-border supply chain relations and sheds lights on the role of financial statement comparability in promoting international trade.

全球供应链的关键作用和脆弱性凸显了需要更深入地了解能够促进全球供应链关系建立的因素。我们研究了财务报表可比性对企业建立全球供应链关系的影响。通过使用 2003 年至 2020 年期间 49 个非美国经济体的供应链关系的大样本，我们发现，当非美国企业的财务报表与美国企业更具可比性时，它们更有可能与美国企业建立并维持更多的供应链关系。为了解决内生性问题，我们表明，我们的研究结果对于探索与采用 IFRS 或 PCAOB 国际检查相关的财务报表可比性外生变化的识别策略是稳健的。此外，我们发现，当非美国经济体与美国之间的信息壁垒较高时，财务报表可比性对跨境供应链关系的影响更加明显。 总体而言，我们的研究为财务报表可比性对跨境供应链关系的影响提供了新的见解。企业建立跨境供应链关系，揭示财务报表可比性在促进国际贸易中的作用。