In the early 2000s, Latin America witnessed a resurgence in debates concerning the state's economic role, coinciding with a political transformation as new parties emerged to power. Existing literature on the “return of Industrial Policy” in the region largely offers a descriptive perspective, bypassing the intricacies of policy typifications and their associated political foundations. This paper addresses these gaps with two main contributions: First, it posits that the state's proactive economic interventions in Latin America were not comprehensive, but instead divided into two distinct channels: the sectoral and the macroeconomic. Second, by employing a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) of 59 democratic Latin American administrations, the paper delves into the political dynamics that underlie each channel. A detailed comparative analysis between Brazil and Chile serves as a focal point, illuminating their notable policy divergence. The research concludes that labor-supported parties are predisposed toward adopting active developmental roles, especially in contexts lacking complex economic structures. However, even incomplete strategies require the presence of robust developmental institutions and is contingent upon a government's capability to establish developmental coalitions and countervail opposing interests.

中文翻译：

---

发展渠道：（不完整）民主拉丁美洲的发展战略


在 2000 年代初期，拉丁美洲见证了关于国家经济作用的辩论的复苏，同时随着新政党的崛起而发生政治变革。关于该地区“产业政策回归”的现有文献在很大程度上提供了一个描述性的视角，绕过了政策类型及其相关政治基础的复杂性。本文通过两个主要贡献解决了这些差距：首先，它假设国家在拉丁美洲的积极经济干预并不全面，而是分为两个不同的渠道：部门和宏观经济。其次，通过对 59 个民主拉丁美洲政府采用模糊定性比较分析 （fsQCA），本文深入研究了每个渠道背后的政治动态。巴西和智利之间的详细比较分析是一个焦点，阐明了它们明显的政策分歧。研究得出的结论是，劳工支持的政党倾向于发挥积极的发展作用，尤其是在缺乏复杂经济结构的情况下。然而，即使是不完整的战略也需要强大的发展机构的存在，并且取决于政府建立发展联盟和对抗对立利益的能力。