Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology has displayed great potential in the realm of specific molecular diagnostics with high sensitivity. Meanwhile, many nanoparticles exhibit unique chemical and physical properties, such as excellent catalysis, easily tunable size, large surface to volume ratio and the desired signal transduction mechanism, which makes them excellent candidates for the fabrication of novel biosensors. The combination of CRISPR/Cas technology and nanoparticles can effectively improve the poor stability and limited analytical performance of CRISPR/Cas biosensors. Moreover, the combination of two advanced technologies can leverage the properties of nanoparticles to develop new types of biosensors that can be used in various ways of reading signal readout. We herein summarized the types and functions of various nanoparticles in CRISPR/Cas biosensors based on distinct signal reading modes, and systematically described the working mechanism and performance of representative and significant works. Recent applications and further challenges of various nanoparticles-assisted CRISPR/Cas biosensors were also discussed according to the most recent developments.

中文翻译：

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纳米粒子辅助的CRISPR/Cas生物传感器的最新进展


成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）技术在高灵敏度的特异性分子诊断领域显示出巨大的潜力。同时，许多纳米颗粒表现出独特的化学和物理性质，例如优异的催化作用、易于调节的尺寸、大的表面积与体积比以及所需的信号转导机制，这使得它们成为制造新型生物传感器的绝佳候选者。 CRISPR/Cas技术与纳米粒子的结合可以有效改善CRISPR/Cas生物传感器稳定性差和分析性能有限的问题。此外，两种先进技术的结合可以利用纳米粒子的特性来开发新型生物传感器，可用于多种读取信号读数的方式。我们根据不同的信号读取模式总结了CRISPR/Cas生物传感器中各种纳米颗粒的类型和功能，并系统地描述了具有代表性和重要工作的工作机制和性能。还根据最新进展讨论了各种纳米颗粒辅助的 CRISPR/Cas 生物传感器的最新应用和进一步的挑战。