The solubility of 4-methoxybenzoic acid in 14 pure solvents (1-butanol, isobutanol, 2-butanol, 1-pentanol, ethylene glycol, ethyl formate, 1-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, acetone, 2-butanone, cyclohexanone, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran) was determined through a gravimetric method at temperatures from 283.15 to 328.15 K. The experimental solubility showed an increasing trend with increasing temperature. Four thermodynamic models, including Modified Apelblat model, NRTL model, Van’t Hoff model, and λh model, were selected to correlate the experimental solubility of 4-methoxybenzoic acid and further fit data. The results revealed that the calculated solubility from four models was in good correlation with the experimental data, with the Modified Apelblat equation providing the best fitting accuracy. Furthermore, the mixing thermodynamic properties of 4-methoxybenzoic acid in 14 pure solvents derived from the NRTL equation indicated that the mixing processes of 4-methoxybenzoic acid are spontaneous and entropy driven. In addition, the solvent properties were investigated to elucidate the solid–liquid equilibrium behavior of 4-methoxybenzoic acid in pure solvents.

中文翻译：

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283.15 至 328.15 K 温度下 4-甲氧基苯甲酸在 14 种纯溶剂中的溶解度测定和数据关联

4-甲氧基苯甲酸在14种纯溶剂（1-丁醇、异丁醇、2-丁醇、1-戊醇、乙二醇、甲酸乙酯、乙酸1-丙酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙酸正丁酯、丙酮、2-丁酮）中的溶解度在283.15至328.15 K的温度下通过重量法测定了（环己酮、甲苯和四氢呋喃）。实验溶解度随温度升高呈增加趋势。选择四种热力学模型，包括改进的Apelblat模型、NRTL模型、Van't Hoff模型和λ h模型来关联4-甲氧基苯甲酸的实验溶解度并进一步拟合数据。结果表明，4个模型计算的溶解度与实验数据具有良好的相关性，其中修正的Apelblat方程拟合精度最好。此外，从NRTL方程导出的4-甲氧基苯甲酸在14种纯溶剂中的混合热力学性质表明4-甲氧基苯甲酸的混合过程是自发且熵驱动的。此外，还研究了溶剂性质，以阐明 4-甲氧基苯甲酸在纯溶剂中的固液平衡行为。