<br>由氮、温度和二氧化碳引起的富营养化温带湖泊中有害蓝藻水华的加剧,Science of the Total Environment

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由氮、温度和二氧化碳引起的富营养化温带湖泊中有害蓝藻水华的加剧
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169885
Benjamin J Kramer ₁ , Kendra Turk-Kubo ₂ , Jonathan P Zehr ₂ , Christopher J Gobler ₁

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气温升高会显着增加富营养化淡水生态系统中蓝藻有害藻华（CHAB）的强度。然而，很少有研究探讨二氧化碳富集与升高的温度和/或营养物对淡水生态系统中蓝藻类群的影响。在这里，我们观察了一个浅层富营养化淡水湖两年内蓝藻生物量、营养物、pH 值和碳酸盐化学的变化，并进行了实验来检查二氧化碳、温度和营养物富集的影响和协同效应分别通过 16S rRNA 和基因的高通量测序评估蓝藻和固氮（固氮）群落。这两年都存在显着的 CHAB（50–500 μg 蓝藻叶绿素 L），并且湖泊 CO 水平处于不饱和状态（≤300 μatm CO）。在 CO 升高和环境 CO 条件下，NH 显着增加了蓝藻的净生长速率以及固氮蓝藻目念珠菌的生物量。在秋季实验中，相对于未添加 P 的富含 CO 的种群，当种群富含 CO 和 P 时，念珠藻的固氮率显着更高。在夏季实验中，在 N 和 CO 条件下，固氮率显着增加- 相对于富氮和环境二氧化碳条件的富集条件。念珠菌在两个实验的固氮菌群落中占主导地位，当第一个实验添加 N 时，以及当第二个实验中 CO 和温度升高时，当 N 固定率也显着增加时，在富含 CO 的条件下实现了最高的相对丰度。总的来说，这项研究表明，氮促进了蓝藻水华，包括由其形成的蓝藻水华，并且固氮蓝藻类群的生物量和固氮率可能受益于富营养化湖泊中二氧化碳水平的提高。

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Intensification of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a eutrophic, temperate lake caused by nitrogen, temperature, and CO2

Warmer temperatures can significantly increase the intensity of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems. However, few studies have examined the effects of CO enrichment in tandem with elevated temperature and/or nutrients on cyanobacterial taxa in freshwater ecosystems. Here, we observed changes in the biomass of cyanobacteria, nutrients, pH, and carbonate chemistry over a two-year period in a shallow, eutrophic freshwater lake and performed experiments to examine the effects and co-effects of CO, temperature, and nutrient enrichment on cyanobacterial and N-fixing (diazotrophic) communities assessed via high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA and genes, respectively. During both years, there were significant CHABs (50–500 μg cyanobacterial chlorophyll L) and lake CO levels were undersaturated (≤300 μatm CO). NH significantly increased the net growth rates of cyanobacteria as well as the biomass of the diazotrophic cyanobacterial order Nostocales under elevated and ambient CO conditions. In a fall experiment, the N fixation rates of Nostocales were significantly higher when populations were enriched with CO and P, relative to CO-enriched populations that were not amended with P. During a summer experiment, N fixation rates increased significantly under N and CO - enriched conditions relative to N-enriched and ambient CO conditions. Nostocales dominated the diazotrophic communities of both experiments, achieving the highest relative abundance under CO-enriched conditions when N was added in the first experiment and when CO and temperature were elevated in the second experiment, when N fixation rates also increased significantly. Collectively, this study indicates that N promotes cyanobacterial blooms including those formed by and that the biomass and N fixation rates of diazotrophic cyanobacterial taxa may benefit from enhanced CO levels in eutrophic lakes.

更新日期：2024-01-06

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