In this study, we have used various electrodeposition techniques, namely direct and pulse chronoamperometry, to prepare MnO₂–NiO composite films from an acetate solution onto fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrates (FTO). Subsequently, the metal oxide conversion process was carried out through a heat treatment at 300 °C for 5 h. We used X-ray Diffraction, Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the crystalline properties, compositions, and morphologies of the electrodeposited films. To evaluate the electrochemical performance, we conducted cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge tests (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Specifically, when applying the pulse deposition mode (denoted as P), the FTO/MnO₂–NiO (P) film exhibited a specific capacitance of 375 Fg⁻¹ at a current density of 0.5 Ag⁻¹, meeting the required standard. This result confirms that the FTO/MnO₂–NiO (P) film is a promising alternative for electrode applications. Additionally, the film demonstrated an impressive 56.87% capacity retention after 1000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 2 Ag⁻¹.

在这项研究中，我们使用了各种电沉积技术，即直接和脉冲计时电流法，从醋酸盐溶液中在掺氟氧化锡玻璃基板（FTO）上制备MnO _{2 -NiO复合薄膜。}随后，通过在300℃下热处理5小时进行金属氧化物转化过程。我们使用 X 射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM)、能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 来研究电沉积的晶体特性、成分和形貌电影。为了评估电化学性能，我们进行了循环伏安法（CV）、恒电流充放电测试（GCD）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）。具体而言，当采用脉冲沉积模式（记为P）时，FTO/MnO _{2 -NiO（P）薄膜在0.5 Ag} ^-1的电流密度下表现出375 Fg ^-1的比电容，满足要求的标准。这一结果证实了 FTO/MnO ₂ –NiO (P) 薄膜是电极应用的一种有前途的替代品。^{此外，在2 Ag -1}的电流密度下，经过1000次恒电流充放电循环后，该薄膜表现出令人印象深刻的56.87%的容量保持率。