A monolayer graphene metasurface composed of two large graphene split rings (TLGSRs) and two small graphene split rings (TSGSRs) is designed and proposed to achieve a tunable quintuple plasmon-induced transparency (QPIT) by coupled mode theory (CMT) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. We successfully realized and designed quintuple-frequency asynchronous, sextuple-frequency asynchronous, and sextuple-frequency synchronous photoelectric switches by dynamically adjusting the Fermi energy levels of graphene. The switches exhibit remarkable performance characteristics, including amplitude modulation degree (AMD) ranging from 71.0 % to 90.0 % and extinction ratio from 5.37 dB to 9.8 dB. The sensitivity of the proposed metasurface was studied and could reach 474 GHz/RIU. The proposed metasurface exhibits polarization-sensitive features due to its non-central symmetry in the metasurface. Finally, the metasurface symmetry-breaking effect on QPIT is further investigated, and results indicate that triple-PIT, quadruple-PIT, quintuple-PIT, and sextuple-PIT can be mutually transformed and regulated through structural symmetry breaking. In summary, the findings provide valuable guidance for the design of optoelectronic switches, sensors, and modulators.

设计并提出了由两个大石墨烯开口环（TLGSR）和两个小石墨烯开口环（TSGSR）组成的单层石墨烯超表面，通过耦合模式理论（CMT）和有限差分实现可调谐五重等离子体诱导透明性（QPIT）时域（FDTD）模拟。通过动态调节石墨烯费米能级，成功实现并设计了五倍频异步、六倍频异步和六倍频同步光电开关。这些开关表现出卓越的性能特征，包括调幅度(AMD) 范围为 71.0% 至 90.0%，消光比范围为 5.37  dB至 9.8  dB。所提出的超表面的灵敏度经过研究，可以达到 474  GHz/RIU。由于超表面的非中心对称性，所提出的超表面表现出偏振敏感特征。最后，进一步研究了超表面对称破缺对QPIT的影响，结果表明，三重PIT、四重PIT、五重PIT和六重PIT可以通过结构对称破缺相互转化和调节。总之，研究结果为光电开关、传感器和调制器的设计提供了有价值的指导。