Pyrethroid insecticides are the most commonly used household insecticides and pose substantial risks to marine aquatic organisms. many studies have detected pyrethroid insecticides in the waters and estuaries of the western United States, but their distributions within western Pacific estuaries have not been reported. Accordingly, we used high-throughput organic analyses combined with high volume solid-phase extraction to comprehensively assess 13 pyrethroid insecticides in East China Sea estuaries and the Huangpu River. The results demonstrated the presence of various ∑₁₃pyrethroid insecticides in East China Sea estuaries (mean and median values of 8.45 ± 5.57 and 7.78 ng L⁻¹, respectively), among which cypermethrin was the primary contaminant. The concentrations of ∑₁₂pyrethroid insecticide detected in the surface waters at the Huangpu River (mean 6.7 ng L⁻¹, outlet 16.4 ng L⁻¹) were higher than those in the Shanghai estuary (4.7 ng L⁻¹), suggesting that runoff from inland areas is a notable source of insecticides. Wetlands reduced the amount of runoff containing pyrethroid insecticides that reached the ocean. Several factors influenced pesticide distributions in East China Sea estuaries, and higher proportions were derived from agricultural sources than from urban sources, with a higher proportion of agricultural sources than urban sources, influenced by anthropogenic use in the region. Permethrin and cypermethrin were the main compounds contributing to the high ecological risk in the estuaries. Consequently, to prevent risks to marine aquatic life, policymakers should aim to reduce insecticide contaminants derived from urban and agricultural sources.

拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂是最常用的家用杀虫剂，对海洋水生生物构成巨大风险。许多研究已在美国西部水域和河口检测到拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂，但其在西太平洋河口内的分布情况尚未有报道。据此，我们采用高通量有机分析结合高容量固相萃取技术，对东海口和黄浦江中的13种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂进行了综合评估。结果表明，东海河口存在多种Σ ₁₃拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂（平均值和中位数分别为8.45 ± 5.57和7.78 ng L ^-1 ），其中氯氰菊酯是主要污染物。黄浦江表层水体中Σ ₁₂拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂浓度（平均6.7 ng L ^-1 ，出水16.4 ng L ^-1 ）高于上海河口（4.7 ng L ^-1 ），表明径流来自内陆地区的植物是杀虫剂的重要来源。湿地减少了流入海洋的含有拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的径流量。影响东海河口农药分布的因素有很多，其中农业来源的比例高于城市来源，且受该地区人为使用的影响，农业来源的比例高于城市来源。氯菊酯和氯氰菊酯是导致河口生态风险较高的主要化合物。因此，为了防止海洋水生生物面临风险，政策制定者应致力于减少来自城市和农业的杀虫剂污染物。