Materials-Driven Soft Wearable Bioelectronics for Connected Healthcare,Chemical Reviews

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Materials-Driven Soft Wearable Bioelectronics for Connected Healthcare
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00502
Shu Gong ₁ , Yan Lu ₁ , Jialiang Yin ₁ , Arie Levin ₁ , Wenlong Cheng ₁

Affiliation

In the era of Internet-of-things, many things can stay connected; however, biological systems, including those necessary for human health, remain unable to stay connected to the global Internet due to the lack of soft conformal biosensors. The fundamental challenge lies in the fact that electronics and biology are distinct and incompatible, as they are based on different materials via different functioning principles. In particular, the human body is soft and curvilinear, yet electronics are typically rigid and planar. Recent advances in materials and materials design have generated tremendous opportunities to design soft wearable bioelectronics, which may bridge the gap, enabling the ultimate dream of connected healthcare for anyone, anytime, and anywhere. We begin with a review of the historical development of healthcare, indicating the significant trend of connected healthcare. This is followed by the focal point of discussion about new materials and materials design, particularly low-dimensional nanomaterials. We summarize material types and their attributes for designing soft bioelectronic sensors; we also cover their synthesis and fabrication methods, including top-down, bottom-up, and their combined approaches. Next, we discuss the wearable energy challenges and progress made to date. In addition to front-end wearable devices, we also describe back-end machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence, telecommunication, and software. Afterward, we describe the integration of soft wearable bioelectronic systems which have been applied in various testbeds in real-world settings, including laboratories that are preclinical and clinical environments. Finally, we narrate the remaining challenges and opportunities in conjunction with our perspectives.

中文翻译：

用于互联医疗保健的材料驱动的软可穿戴生物电子学

物联网时代，很多东西都可以保持互联；然而，由于缺乏软共形生物传感器，生物系统，包括人类健康所需的生物系统，仍然无法与全球互联网保持连接。根本挑战在于电子学和生物学是截然不同且不相容的，因为它们基于不同的材料和不同的功能原理。特别是，人体是柔软的、曲线的，而电子产品通常是刚性的、平面的。材料和材料设计的最新进展为设计软可穿戴生物电子产品带来了巨大的机会，这可能会弥合差距，实现任何人、任何时间、任何地点的互联医疗保健的终极梦想。我们首先回顾医疗健康的历史发展，看到了互联医疗的显着趋势。接下来是关于新材料和材料设计，特别是低维纳米材料的讨论焦点。我们总结了用于设计软生物电子传感器的材料类型及其属性；我们还介绍了它们的合成和制造方法，包括自上而下、自下而上以及它们的组合方法。接下来，我们讨论可穿戴能源挑战和迄今为止取得的进展。除了前端可穿戴设备外，我们还描述后端机器学习算法、人工智能、电信和软件。随后，我们描述了软可穿戴生物电子系统的集成，这些系统已应用于现实环境中的各种测试台，包括临床前和临床环境的实验室。最后，我们结合我们的观点讲述了剩余的挑战和机遇。

更新日期：2024-01-04

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