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Lunar Evolution in Light of the Chang'e-5 Returned Samples
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-earth-040722-100453 Fu-Yuan Wu 1 , Qiu-Li Li 1 , Yi Chen 1 , Sen Hu 2 , Zong-Yu Yue 2 , Qin Zhou 3 , Hao Wang 1 , Wei Yang 2 , Heng-Ci Tian 2 , Chi Zhang 2 , Jin-Hua Li 2 , Lin-Xi Li 1 , He-Jiu Hui 4 , Chun-Lai Li 3 , Yang-Tin Lin 2 , Xian-Hua Li 1 , John W. Delano 5
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-earth-040722-100453 Fu-Yuan Wu 1 , Qiu-Li Li 1 , Yi Chen 1 , Sen Hu 2 , Zong-Yu Yue 2 , Qin Zhou 3 , Hao Wang 1 , Wei Yang 2 , Heng-Ci Tian 2 , Chi Zhang 2 , Jin-Hua Li 2 , Lin-Xi Li 1 , He-Jiu Hui 4 , Chun-Lai Li 3 , Yang-Tin Lin 2 , Xian-Hua Li 1 , John W. Delano 5
Affiliation
The Chinese spacecraft Chang'e-5 (CE-5) landed on the northern Ocean Procellarum and returned 1,731 grams of regolith. The CE-5 regolith is composed mostly of fragments of basalt, impact glass, agglutinates, and mineral fragments. The basalts could be classified as of a low-Ti and highly fractionated type based on their TiO2 content of ∼5.3 wt% and Mg# of ∼28. Independent of petrographic texture, the CE-5 basalts have a uniform eruption age of 2,030 ± 4 Ma, demonstrating that the Moon remained volcanically active until at least ∼2.0 Ga. Although the CE-5 landing site lies within the so-called Procellarum KREEP [potassium (K), rare earth elements (REE), and phosphorus (P)] Terrane, neither the CE-5 basalts nor the mantle source regions of those basalts were enriched in KREEP components, such as incompatible elements, water, sulfur, or chlorine. Therefore, it would be a new and stimulating task in the future to look for the triggering mechanism of the young volcanism on the Moon. ▪The CE-5 spacecraft returned 1,731 grams of lunar regolith in December 2020. It was the first new lunar sample since the last collection in August 1976.▪CE-5 regolith is basaltic in chemical composition, with only ∼1% highland materials of anorthosite, Mg suite, alkali suite, and KREEP.▪The CE-5 basalt is low Ti and highly differentiated. It was extruded at ∼2.0 Ga, being the youngest lunar basalt identified so far from the Moon.▪The triggering mechanism of the ∼2.0 Ga lunar volcanism is not clearly understood because its mantle source was dry and contained low abundances of KREEP elements.
更新日期：2024-01-02
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