This literature review presents a comprehensive review of life Cycle Assessmernt (LCA), as an emerging tool in the field of cultural heritage research and demonstrate how this tool could be useful to support the development of green heritage science into an environmentally responsible field of scientific endeavour. LCA is a standardised, structured, comprehensive, international environmental assessment tool and a rapidly evolving field of research that leverages and harmonises efforts across many sectors to inform environmentally-friendly solutions and choices. LCA has been growing in importance as an evidence-based tool in the field of heritage science, being used as a decision-support tool at micro level (typically for questions related to specific products/processes) and macro levels (e.g. strategies, scenarios, and policy options). This review explores applications of LCA (and the complementary Life Cycle Cost Assessment (LCC), and Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA)) to a wide array of conservation and preservation actions. The paper also examines challenges associated with the application of these life cycle-based methods in heritage science, in order to put forward a set of recommendations to guide the domain of heritage science towards greener and more sustainable practices and impacts.

Based on a review of the principles of green chemistry, green analytical chemistry, green engineering, and nature conservation, the paper also attempts to formulate nine principles of green heritage science, taking into account the complexity of research challenges and the environmental and socio-economic sustainability.

本文献综述对生命周期评估（LCA）作为文化遗产研究领域的新兴工具进行了全面回顾，并展示了该工具如何有助于支持绿色遗产科学发展成为对环境负责的科学领域。LCA 是一种标准化、结构化、全面的国际环境评估工具，也是一个快速发展的研究领域，它利用和协调多个部门的努力，为环保解决方案和选择提供信息。LCA 作为一种基于证据的工具在遗产科学领域的重要性与日俱增，被用作微观层面（通常用于与特定产品/流程相关的问题）和宏观层面（例如策略、情景、和政策选择）。本综述探讨了 LCA（以及补充性的生命周期成本评估 (LCC) 和社会生命周期评估 (S-LCA)）在各种保护和保存行动中的应用。本文还探讨了在遗产科学中应用这些基于生命周期的方法所面临的挑战，以提出一系列建议来指导遗产科学领域走向更绿色、更可持续的实践和影响。

在回顾绿色化学、绿色分析化学、绿色工程和自然保护原理的基础上，考虑到研究挑战的复杂性以及环境和社会经济的复杂性，本文还尝试制定绿色遗产科学的九项原则。可持续性。