Novel hexagonal pine needle-like Sn-WO structures were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Sn/W ratios and the introduction of several metal elements (Fe, Zn, Cu, and In) on both the morphology and gas-sensing properties of WO. The hexagonal pine needle-like 1 % Sn-WO sensor had a significantly elevated response of 89 and a faster response/recovery time of 11/15 s when exposed to 10 ppm dimethylamine (DMA) at the optimal operating temperature of 180 °C. This sensor displayed notable characteristics such as excellent selectivity, repeatability, long-term stability, and a detection limit of 25 ppb. The excellent sensing performances of this sensor can be attributed to their highly (100) facet, Sn doping and distinctive hexagonal pine needle-like morphology.

中文翻译：

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掺杂对高暴露(100)面六方松针状WO3结构形貌和二甲胺气敏性能的影响

采用水热法合成了新型六方松针状 Sn-WO 结构。本研究旨在评估 Sn/W 比例和几种金属元素（Fe、Zn、Cu 和 In）的引入对 WO 的形貌和气敏性能的影响。当在 180 °C 的最佳工作温度下暴露于 10 ppm 二甲胺 (DMA) 时，六角形松针状 1% Sn-WO 传感器的响应显着提高为 89，响应/恢复时间更快为 11/15 s。该传感器表现出出色的选择性、重复性、长期稳定性和 25 ppb 的检测限等显着特性。该传感器优异的传感性能归因于其高（100）面、锡掺杂和独特的六边形松针状形态。