Diabetes mellitus is a widespread metabolic disorder with increasing incidence worldwide, posing a considerable threat to human health because of its complications. Therefore, cost-effective antidiabetic drugs with minimal side effects are urgently needed. Dioscin, a naturally occurring compound, helps to reduce the complications of diabetes mellitus by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, protecting islet β cells, improving insulin resistance, and inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Plant-derived dioscin reduces the risk of toxicity and side effects associated with chemically synthesized drugs. It is a promising option for treating diabetes mellitus because of its preventive and therapeutic effects, which may be attributed to a variety of underlying mechanisms. However, data compiled by current studies are preliminary. Information about the molecular mechanism of dioscin remains limited, and no high-quality human experiments and clinical trials for testing its safety and efficacy have been conducted. As a resource for research in this area, this review is expected to provide a systematic framework for the application of dioscin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.

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薯蓣皂甙：治疗糖尿病和并发症的潜力

糖尿病是一种广泛存在的代谢性疾病，在世界范围内发病率不断上升，其并发症对人类健康构成相当大的威胁。因此，迫切需要具有成本效益、副作用最小的抗糖尿病药物。薯蓣皂甙是一种天然化合物，通过调节糖脂代谢、保护胰岛β细胞、改善胰岛素抵抗、抑制氧化应激和炎症反应，有助于减少糖尿病并发症。植物来源的薯蓣皂苷可降低与化学合成药物相关的毒性和副作用的风险。由于其预防和治疗作用，它是治疗糖尿病的一种有前途的选择，这可能归因于多种潜在机制。然而，当前研究收集的数据是初步的。关于薯蓣皂苷分子机制的信息仍然有限，并且尚未进行高质量的人体实验和临床试验来测试其安全性和有效性。作为该领域研究的资源，本综述有望为薯蓣皂苷在糖尿病及其并发症治疗中的应用提供系统框架。