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Purcell Enhancement of Silicon W Centers in Circular Bragg Grating Cavities
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01561
Baptiste Lefaucher 1 , Jean-Baptiste Jager 1 , Vincent Calvo 1 , Félix Cache 2 , Alrik Durand 2 , Vincent Jacques 2 , Isabelle Robert-Philip 2 , Guillaume Cassabois 2 , Yoann Baron 3 , Frédéric Mazen 3 , Sébastien Kerdilès 3 , Shay Reboh 3 , Anaïs Dréau 2 , Jean-Michel Gérard 1
Affiliation  

Generating single photons on demand in silicon is a challenge to the scalability of silicon-on-insulator integrated quantum photonic chips. While several defects acting as artificial atoms have recently demonstrated an ability to generate antibunched single photons, practical applications require tailoring of their emission through quantum cavity effects. In this work, we perform cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments with ensembles of artificial atoms embedded in silicon-on-insulator microresonators. The emitters under study, known as W color centers, are silicon tri-interstitial defects created upon self-ion implantation and thermal annealing. The resonators consist of circular Bragg grating cavities, designed for moderate Purcell enhancement (Fp = 12.5) and efficient luminescence extraction (ηcoll = 40% for a numerical aperture of 0.26) for W centers located at the mode antinode. When the resonant frequency mode of the cavity is tuned with the zero-phonon transition of the emitters at 1218 nm, we observe a 20-fold enhancement of the zero-phonon line intensity, together with a 2-fold decrease of the total relaxation time in time-resolved photoluminescence experiments. Based on finite-difference time-domain simulations, we propose a detailed theoretical analysis of Purcell enhancement for an ensemble of W centers, considering the overlap between the emitters and the resonant cavity mode. We obtain a good agreement with our experimental results assuming a quantum efficiency of 65 ± 10% for the emitters in bulk silicon. Therefore, W centers open promising perspectives for the development of on-demand sources of single photons by harnessing cavity quantum electrodynamics in silicon photonic chips.

中文翻译:

圆形布拉格光栅腔中硅 W 中心的 Purcell 增强

在硅中按需生成单光子对于绝缘体上硅集成量子光子芯片的可扩展性来说是一个挑战。虽然最近证明了充当人造原子的几种缺陷能够产生反聚束单光子,但实际应用需要通过量子腔效应来调整其发射。在这项工作中,我们利用嵌入绝缘体上硅微谐振器中的人造原子集合进行腔量子电动力学实验。正在研究的发射体被称为 W 色心,是在自离子注入和热退火过程中产生的硅三间隙缺陷。谐振器由圆形布拉格光栅腔组成,设计用于适度的 Purcell 增强(F p = 12.5)和位于模式波腹的 W 中心的有效发光提取(数值孔径为 0.26 时, η coll = 40%)。当谐振腔的谐振频率模式与发射器在 1218 nm 处的零声子跃迁一起调谐时,我们观察到零声子线强度增强了 20 倍,同时总弛豫时间减少了 2 倍在时间分辨光致发光实验中。基于有限差分时域模拟,我们提出了 W 中心系综的 Purcell 增强的详细理论分析,考虑了发射器和谐振腔模式之间的重叠。假设体硅发射器的量子效率为 65 ± 10%,我们与实验结果非常吻合。因此,W 中心通过利用硅光子芯片中的腔量子电动力学来开发按需单光子源,开辟了前景广阔的前景。
更新日期:2023-12-27
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