Lithium metal is an attractive and promising anode material due to its high energy density and low working potential. However, the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites during repeated plating and stripping processes hinders the practical application of lithium metal batteries, leading to low Coulombic efficiency, poor lifespan, and safety concerns. In this study, we synthesized highly lithiophilic and conductive Ag nanoparticles decorated on SiO₂ nanospheres to construct an optimized lithium host for promoting uniform Li deposition. The Ag nanoparticles not only act as lithiophilic sites but also provide high electrical conductivity to the Ag@SiO₂@Ag anode. Additionally, the SiO₂ layer serves as a lithiophilic nucleation agent, ensuring homogeneous lithium deposition and suppressing the growth of lithium dendrites. Theoretical calculations further confirm that the combination of Ag nanoparticles and SiO₂ effectively enhances the adsorption ability of Ag@SiO₂@Ag with Li⁺ ions compared to pure Ag and SiO₂ materials. As a result, the Ag@SiO₂@Ag coating, with its balanced lithiophilicity and conductivity, demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance, including high Coulombic efficiency, low polarization voltage, and long cycle life. In a full lithium metal cell with LiFePO₄ cathode, the Ag@SiO₂@Ag anode exhibits a high capacity of 133.1 and 121.4 mAh/g after 200 cycles at rates of 0.5 and 1C, respectively. These results highlight the synergistic coupling of lithiophilicity and conductivity in the Ag@SiO₂@Ag coating, providing valuable insights into the field of lithiophilic chemistry and its potential for achieving high-performance batteries in the next generation.

锂金属由于其高能量密度和低工作电位而成为一种有吸引力且有前途的负极材料。然而，在重复电镀和剥离过程中锂枝晶的不受控制的生长阻碍了锂金属电池的实际应用，导致库仑效率低、寿命差和安全问题。在本研究中，我们合成了装饰在SiO ₂纳米球上的高亲锂性和导电性的Ag纳米粒子，以构建优化的锂主体以促进均匀的锂沉积。 Ag纳米粒子不仅充当亲锂位点，而且还为Ag@SiO ₂ @Ag阳极提供高导电性。此外，SiO ₂层充当亲锂成核剂，确保均匀的锂沉积并抑制锂枝晶的生长。理论计算进一步证实，与纯Ag和SiO ₂材料相比，Ag纳米粒子与SiO ₂的组合有效增强了Ag@SiO ₂ @Ag对Li ⁺离子的吸附能力。因此，Ag@SiO ₂ @Ag涂层具有平衡的亲锂性和导电性，表现出优异的电化学性能，包括高库仑效率、低极化电压和长循环寿命。在具有LiFePO ₄阴极的全锂金属电池中，Ag@SiO ₂ @Ag阳极在0.5和1C倍率下循环200次后分别表现出133.1和121.4 mAh/g的高容量。 这些结果突出了Ag@SiO ₂ @Ag涂层中亲锂性和导电性的协同耦合，为亲锂化学领域及其实现下一代高性能电池的潜力提供了宝贵的见解。