<br>微塑料中各种添加剂的释放及其在水生环境中的毒性,Environmental Pollution

当前位置： X-MOL 学术 › Environ. Pollut. › 论文详情

Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)

微塑料中各种添加剂的释放及其在水生环境中的毒性
Environmental Pollution ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123219
Ying Yu ₁ , Manish Kumar ₂ , Shiv Bolan ₃ , Lokesh P Padhye ₄ , Nanthi Bolan ₃ , Sixu Li ₅ , Liuwei Wang ₆ , Deyi Hou ₆ , Yang Li ₁

Affiliation

塑料制品中添加剂的含量可能高于 50%。塑料中的添加剂在老化和破碎过程中会逐渐从微塑料 (MP) 中释放到水生环境中，因为它们大多数不与聚合物发生化学反应。有些已知是有害物质，可能对生物体产生毒性作用并造成生态风险。本文首先概述了功能性添加剂在MPs中的应用及其在环境中的浸出，然后介绍了它们的释放机制，包括光氧化、化学氧化、生化降解和物理磨损。还审查了影响 MP 添加剂释放的重要因素。一般来说，较小的粒径、光照射、高温、溶解有机物（DOM）的存在和碱性条件可以促进MP中化学物质的释放。此外，添加剂的释放还受到聚合物结构、电解质类型以及盐度的影响。这些添加剂可能在摄入后转移到生物体中并破坏各种生物过程，导致后代发育畸形和毒性。尽管如此，MP中化学物质毒性的挑战仍然阻碍着环境中MP对人类健康的风险评估。建议未来研究加强对实际环境浸出实验的研究，开发更多的技术和分析方法来鉴定浸出产物，并基于更多的模式生物评估MPs添加剂的毒性效应。该工作全面概述了目前MP添加剂在天然水中的释放过程，总结了它们对生物体的毒性影响，并为未来的研究提供了建议。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Various additive release from microplastics and their toxicity in aquatic environments

Additives may be present in amounts higher than 50% within plastic objects. Additives in plastics can be gradually released from microplastics (MPs) into the aquatic environment during their aging and fragmentation because most of them do not chemically react with the polymers. Some are known to be hazardous substances, which can cause toxicity effects on organisms and pose ecological risks. In this paper, the application of functional additives in MPs and their leaching in the environment are first summarized followed by their release mechanisms including photooxidation, chemical oxidation, biochemical degradation, and physical abrasion. Important factors affecting the additive release from MPs are also reviewed. Generally, smaller particle size, light irradiation, high temperature, dissolved organic matter (DOM) existence and alkaline conditions can promote the release of chemicals from MPs. In addition, the release of additives is also influenced by the polymer’s structure, electrolyte types, as well as salinity. These additives may transfer into the organisms after ingestion and disrupt various biological processes, leading to developmental malformations and toxicity in offspring. Nonetheless, challenges on the toxicity of chemicals in MPs remain hindering the risk assessment on human health from MPs in the environment. Future research is suggested to strengthen research on the leaching experiment in the actual environment, develop more techniques and analysis methods to identify leaching products, and evaluate the toxicity effects of additives from MPs based on more model organisms. The work gives a comprehensive overview of current process for MP additive release in natural waters, summarizes their toxicity effects on organisms, and provides recommendations for future research.

更新日期：2023-12-26

点击分享查看原文

点击收藏

阅读更多本刊新发论文本刊介绍/投稿指南