Despite increasing advocacy for gender equality, gender prejudice and discrimination persist. The origins of these biases develop in early childhood, but it is less clear whether (1) children's gender attitudes predict discrimination and (2) gender attitudes and discrimination vary by ethnicity and US region. We examine these questions with an ethnically (Asian, Black, Latinx and White) and geographically (Northeast, Pacific Northwest, West, Southeast and Hawaii) diverse sample of 4- to 6-year-old children (N = 605) who completed measures of gender attitudes and discrimination in a preregistered study. Children, across groups, demonstrated more positive attitudes towards their gender ingroup. Children who showed more pro-ingroup attitudes also showed more pro-ingroup behavioural discrimination. Girls showed stronger ingroup favouritism than boys, but ethnic and regional groups generally did not vary in levels of bias. These findings contribute to our understanding of how gender intergroup biases develop and highlight the generalizability of these processes.

中文翻译：

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不同种族和地域的幼儿的性别态度和性别歧视

尽管人们越来越多地倡导性别平等，但性别偏见和歧视依然存在。这些偏见起源于儿童早期，但尚不清楚（1）儿童的性别态度是否预示着歧视；（2）性别态度和歧视因种族和美国地区而异。我们通过种族（亚洲人、黑人、拉丁裔和白人）和地理（东北部、太平洋西北地区、西部、东南部和夏威夷）不同样本的 4 至 6 岁儿童 ( N  = 605) 完成了测量来研究这些问题预先注册的研究中的性别态度和歧视。不同群体的儿童对群体中的性别表现出更积极的态度。表现出更多支持内群体态度的孩子也表现出更多支持内群体的行为歧视。女孩比男孩表现出更强的群体偏好，但种族和地区群体的偏见程度通常没有差异。这些发现有助于我们理解性别群体间偏见如何发展，并强调这些过程的普遍性。