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Essential oils improve nursery pigs' performance and appetite via modulation of intestinal health and microbiota
Animal Nutrition ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.10.007 Bi-Chen Zhao 1 , Tian-Hao Wang 1 , Jian Chen 1 , Bai-Hao Qiu 1 , Ya-Ru Xu 1 , Jin-Long Li 1, 2, 3
Animal Nutrition ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.10.007 Bi-Chen Zhao 1 , Tian-Hao Wang 1 , Jian Chen 1 , Bai-Hao Qiu 1 , Ya-Ru Xu 1 , Jin-Long Li 1, 2, 3
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Optimal intestinal health and functionality are essential for animal health and performance, and simultaneously intestinal nutrient transporters and intestinal peptides are also involved in appetite and feed intake control mechanisms. Given the potential of essential oil (EO) in improving animal performance and improving feed palatability, we hypothesized that dietary supplementation of cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol could improve performance and appetite of nursery pigs by modulating intestinal health and microbiota. Cinnamaldehyde (100 mg/kg), carvacrol (100 mg/kg), and their mixtures (including 50 mg/kg cinnamaldehyde and 50 mg/kg carvacrol) were supplemented into the diets of 240 nursery pigs for 42 d, and data related to performance were measured. Thereafter, the influence of EO on intestinal health, appetite and gut microbiota and their correlations were explored. EO supplementation increased ( < 0.05) the body weight, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of piglets, and reduced ( < 0.05) diarrhea rates in nursery pigs. Furthermore, EO increased ( < 0.05) the intestinal absorption area and the abundance of tight junction proteins, and decreased ( < 0.05) intestinal permeability and local inflammation. In terms of intestinal development and the mucus barrier, EO promoted intestinal development and increased ( < 0.05) the number of goblet cells. Additionally, we found that piglets in the EO-supplemented group had upregulated ( < 0.05) levels of transporters and digestive enzymes in the intestine, which were significantly associated with daily gain and feed utilization. In addition, EO supplementation somewhat improved appetite in nursery pigs, increased the diversity of the gut microbiome and the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and there was a correlation between altered bacterial structure and appetite-related hormones. These findings indicate that EO is effective in promoting growth performance and nutrient absorption as well as in regulating appetite by improving intestinal health and bacterial structure.
中文翻译：
精油通过调节肠道健康和微生物群来改善保育猪的性能和食欲
最佳的肠道健康和功能对于动物健康和生产性能至关重要，同时肠道营养转运蛋白和肠肽也参与食欲和采食量控制机制。鉴于精油（EO）在改善动物生产性能和饲料适口性方面的潜力，我们假设日粮中添加肉桂醛和香芹酚可以通过调节肠道健康和微生物群来改善保育猪的生产性能和食欲。在240头保育猪日粮中添加肉桂醛（100 mg/kg）、香芹酚（100 mg/kg）及其混合物（其中肉桂醛50 mg/kg、香芹酚50 mg/kg）42 d，相关数据为性能进行了测量。此后，探讨了 EO 对肠道健康、食欲和肠道微生物群的影响及其相关性。补充EO增加了仔猪的体重、平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI），并降低了保育猪的腹泻率（<0.05）。此外，EO增加（<0.05）肠道吸收面积和紧密连接蛋白的丰度，并降低（<0.05）肠道通透性和局部炎症。在肠道发育和粘液屏障方面，EO促进肠道发育并增加（<0.05）杯状细胞的数量。此外，我们发现补充 EO 组的仔猪肠道转运蛋白和消化酶水平上调 (< 0.05)，这与日增重和饲料利用率显着相关。 此外，补充EO在一定程度上改善了保育猪的食欲，增加了肠道微生物组的多样性和有益细菌的丰度，并且细菌结构的改变和食欲相关激素之间存在相关性。这些研究结果表明，EO 可有效促进生长性能和营养吸收，并通过改善肠道健康和细菌结构来调节食欲。
更新日期：2023-12-21
中文翻译：
精油通过调节肠道健康和微生物群来改善保育猪的性能和食欲
最佳的肠道健康和功能对于动物健康和生产性能至关重要，同时肠道营养转运蛋白和肠肽也参与食欲和采食量控制机制。鉴于精油（EO）在改善动物生产性能和饲料适口性方面的潜力，我们假设日粮中添加肉桂醛和香芹酚可以通过调节肠道健康和微生物群来改善保育猪的生产性能和食欲。在240头保育猪日粮中添加肉桂醛（100 mg/kg）、香芹酚（100 mg/kg）及其混合物（其中肉桂醛50 mg/kg、香芹酚50 mg/kg）42 d，相关数据为性能进行了测量。此后，探讨了 EO 对肠道健康、食欲和肠道微生物群的影响及其相关性。补充EO增加了仔猪的体重、平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI），并降低了保育猪的腹泻率（<0.05）。此外，EO增加（<0.05）肠道吸收面积和紧密连接蛋白的丰度，并降低（<0.05）肠道通透性和局部炎症。在肠道发育和粘液屏障方面，EO促进肠道发育并增加（<0.05）杯状细胞的数量。此外，我们发现补充 EO 组的仔猪肠道转运蛋白和消化酶水平上调 (< 0.05)，这与日增重和饲料利用率显着相关。 此外，补充EO在一定程度上改善了保育猪的食欲，增加了肠道微生物组的多样性和有益细菌的丰度，并且细菌结构的改变和食欲相关激素之间存在相关性。这些研究结果表明，EO 可有效促进生长性能和营养吸收，并通过改善肠道健康和细菌结构来调节食欲。
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