2-Aminobenzothiazole (NTH), a benzothiazole derivative, exhibits potent biochemical activities and plays a significant role in modern industry. Widespread and intensive utilization of NTH has led to its detection in aquatic environments, encompassing both groundwater and surface water. Despite its wide usage, the effect of NTH on developmental neurotoxicity in aquatic organisms remains uncharted. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to create exposure models for short- and long-term studies in order to analyze the neurobehavioral toxic impact of NTH (0, 50, 500, and 5000 μg/L) on zebrafish, which includes motor function, anxiety, and memory performance, as well as to examine the mechanism of neurotoxicity. The results revealed a significant suppression of initial embryonic mobility by NTH. However, during short-term exposure experiments, it did not significantly impact the developmental neurobehavioral functions of zebrafish. In addition, significant effects on zebrafish were observed after long-term exposure to 50 and 500 μg/L NTH, mainly impacting locomotion, social behavior, anxiety, and cognitive functions. Moreover, NTH caused oxidative damage in adult zebrafish brain tissue, which was accompanied by abnormal expression of oxidative damage-related genes. Furthermore, the Real-Time PCR results indicated a significant suppression of genes related to exposure to NTH, specifically those in the GABA synthesis pathway (, , , and ) and the 5-HT synthesis pathway (, , , and ). Taken together, this study demonstrates for the first time that chronic exposure to NTH decreases the expression of genes associated with the zebrafish GABA synthesis pathway and the 5-HT synthesis pathway. This suppression is accompanied by oxidative damage, ultimately resulting in neurobehavioral changes related to motor ability, anxiety, and memory performance.

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2-氨基苯并噻唑暴露对斑马鱼的神经行为毒性作用及机制

2-氨基苯并噻唑（NTH）是一种苯并噻唑衍生物，具有强大的生化活性，在现代工业中发挥着重要作用。 NTH 的广泛和集约利用导致其在水生环境中的检测，包括地下水和地表水。尽管用途广泛，NTH 对水生生物发育神经毒性的影响仍然未知。因此，本研究的目的是建立短期和长期研究的暴露模型，以分析 NTH（0、50、500 和 5000 μg/L）对斑马鱼的神经行为毒性影响，包括运动功能、焦虑和记忆表现，以及检查神经毒性机制。结果表明 NTH 对初始胚胎活动性有显着抑制作用。然而，在短期暴露实验中，它并没有显着影响斑马鱼的发育神经行为功能。此外，长期暴露于50和500μg/L NTH后，观察到对斑马鱼的显着影响，主要影响运动、社会行为、焦虑和认知功能。此外，NTH对成年斑马鱼脑组织造成氧化损伤，并伴有氧化损伤相关基因的异常表达。此外，实时 PCR 结果表明，与暴露于 NTH 相关的基因受到显着抑制，特别是 GABA 合成途径 (、、、 和 ) 和 5-HT 合成途径 (、、、 和 ) 中的基因。总而言之，这项研究首次证明，长期暴露于 NTH 会降低与斑马鱼 GABA 合成途径和 5-HT 合成途径相关的基因表达。这种抑制伴随着氧化损伤，最终导致与运动能力、焦虑和记忆表现相关的神经行为变化。